> Srimad Bhagavatam - Canto 5
> Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
> (for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)

> Canto 5

> **************

> Chapter Seven: The Activities of King Bharata

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> TEXT 1

> srî-suka uvâca

> bharatas tu mahâ-bhâgavato yadâ bhagavatâvani-tala-paripâlanâya

> sancintitas tad-anusâsana-parah pancajanîm visvarûpa-duhitaram

> upayeme.

> srî-sukah uvâca--Sukadeva Gosvâmî said; bharatah--Mahârâja Bharata; tu--but; mahâ-bhâgavatah--a mahâ-bhâgavata, most exalted devotee of the Lord; yadâ--when; bhagavatâ--by the order of his father, Lord Rsabhadeva; avani-tala--the surface of the globe; paripâlanâya--for ruling over; sancintitah--made up his mind; tat-anusâsana-parah--engaged in governing the globe; pancajanîm--Pancajanî; visvarûpa-duhitaram--the daughter of Visvarûpa; upayeme--married.

> TRANSLATION

> Sukadeva Gosvami continued speaking to Maharaja Pariksit: My dear King, Bharata Maharaja was a topmost devotee. Following the orders of his father, who had already decided to install him on the throne, he began to rule the earth accordingly. When Bharata Maharaja ruled the entire globe, he followed the orders of his father and married Pancajani, the daughter of Visvarupa.

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> TEXT 2

> tasyâm u ha vâ âtmajân kârtsnyenânurûpân âtmanah panca janayâm

> âsa bhûtâdir iva bhûta-sûksmâni. sumatim râstrabhrtam sudarsanam

> âvaranam dhûmraketum iti.

> tasyâm--in her womb; u ha vâ--indeed; âtma-jân--sons; kârtsnyena--entirely; anurûpân--exactly like; âtmanah--himself; panca--five; janayâm âsa--begot; bhûta-âdih iva--like the false ego; bhûta-sûksmâni--the five subtle objects of sense perception; su-matim--Sumatim; râstra-bhrtam--Râstrabhrta; su-darsanam--Sudarsana; âvaranam--Âvarana; dhûmra-ketum--Dhûmraketu; iti--thus.

> TRANSLATION

> Just as the false ego creates the subtle sense objects, Maharaja Bharata created five sons in the womb of Pancajani, his wife. These sons were named Sumati, Rastrabhrta, Sudarsana, Avarana and Dhumraketu.

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> TEXT 3

> ajanâbham nâmaitad varsam bhâratam iti yata ârabhya vyapadisanti.

> ajanâbham--Ajanâbha; nâma--by the name; etat--this; varsam--island; bhâratam--Bhârata; iti--thus; yatah--from whom; ârabhya--beginning; vyapadisnti--they celebrate.

> TRANSLATION

> Formerly this planet was known as Ajanabha-varsa, but since Maharaja Bharata's reign, it has become known as Bharata-varsa.

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> TEXT 4

> sa bahuvin mahî-patih pitr-pitâmahavad uru-vatsalatayâ sve sve

> karmani vartamânâh prajâh sva-dharmam anuvartamânah

> paryapâla yat.

> sah--that King (Mahârâja Bharata); bahu-vit--being very advanced in knowledge; mahî-patih--the ruler of the earth; pitr--father; pitâmaha--grandfather; vat--exactly like; uru-vatsalatayâ--with the quality of being very affectionate to the citizens; sve sve--in their own respective; karmani--duties; vartamânâh--remaining; prajâh--the citizens; sva-dharmam anuvartamânah--being perfectly situated in his own occupational duty; paryapâlayat--ruled.

> TRANSLATION

> Maharaja Bharata was a very learned and experienced king on this earth. He perfectly ruled the citizens, being himself engaged in his own respective duties. Maharaja Bharata was as affectionate to the citizens as his father and grandfather had been. Keeping them engaged in their occupational duties, he ruled the earth.

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> TEXT 5

> îje ca bhagavantam yajna-kratu-rûpam kratubhir uccâvacaih

> sraddhayâhrtâgnihotra-darsa-pûrnamâsa-câturmâsya-pasu-somânâm

> prakrti-vikrtibhir anusavanam câturhotra-vidhinâ.

> îje--worshiped; ca--also; bhagavantam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; yajna-kratu-rûpam--having the form of sacrifices without animals and sacrifices with animals; kratubhih--by such sacrifices; uccâvacaih--very great and very small; sraddhayâ--with faith; âhrta--being performed; agni-hotra--of the agnihotra-yajna; darsa--of the darsa-yajna; pûrnamâsa--of the pûrnamâsa-yajna; câturmâsya--of the câturmâsya-yajna; pasu-somânâm--of the yajna with animals and the yajna with soma-rasa; prakrti--by full performances; vikrtibhih--and by partial performances; anusavanam--almost always; câtuh-hotra-vidhinâ--by the regulative principles of sacrifice directed by four kinds of priests.

> TRANSLATION

> With great faith King Bharata performed various kinds of sacrifice. He performed the sacrifices known as agni-hotra, darsa, purnamasa, caturmasya, pasu-yajna [wherein a horse is sacrificed] and soma-yajna [wherein a kind of beverage is offered]. Sometimes these sacrifices were performed completely and sometimes partially. In any case, in all the sacrifices the regulations of caturhotra were strictly followed. In this way Bharata Maharaja worshiped the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

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> TEXT 6

> sampracaratsu nânâ-yâgesu viracitânga-kriyesv apûrvam yat tat kriyâ-

> phalam dharmâkhyam pare brahmani yajna-puruse sarva-devatâ-

> lingânâm mantrânâm artha-niyâma-katayâ sâksât-kartari para-

> devatâyam bhagavati vâsudeva eva bhâvayamâna âtma-naipunya-

> mrdita-kasâyo havihsv adhvaryubhir grhyamânesu sa yajamâno yajna-

> bhâjo devâms tân purusâvayavesv abhyadhyâyat.

> sampracaratsu--when beginning to perform; nânâ-yâgesu--various kinds of sacrifice; viracita-anga-kriyesu--in which the supplementary rites were performed; apûrvam--remote; yat--whatever; tat--that; kriyâ-phalam--the result of such sacrifice; dharma-âkhyam--by the name of religion; pare--unto the transcendence; brahmani--the Supreme Lord; yajna-puruse--the enjoyer of all sacrifices; sarva-devatâ-lingânâm--which manifest all the demigods; mantrânâm--of the Vedic hymns; artha-niyâma-katayâ--due to being the controller of the objects; sâksât-kartari--directly the performer; para-devatâyâm--the origin of all demigods; bhagavati--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vâsudeve--unto Krsna; eva--certainly; bhâvayamânah--always thinking; âtma-naipunya-mrdita-kasâyah--freed from all lust and anger by his expertise in such thinking; havihsu--the ingredients to be offered in the sacrifice; adhvaryubhih--when the priests expert in the sacrifices mentioned in the Atharva Veda; grhyamânesu--taking; sah--Mahârâja Bharata; yajamânah--the sacrificer; yajna-bhâjah--the recipients of the results of sacrifice; devân--all the demigods; tân--them; purusa-avayavesu--as different parts and limbs of the body of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Govinda; abhyadhyâyat--he thought.

> TRANSLATION

> After performing the preliminaries of various sacrifices, Maharaja Bharata offered the results in the name of religion to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vasudeva. In other words, he performed all the yajnas for the satisfaction of Lord Vasudeva, Krsna. Maharaja Bharata thought that since the demigods were different parts of Vasudeva's body, He controls those who are explained in the Vedic mantras. By thinking in this way, Maharaja Bharata was freed from all material contamination, such as attachment, lust and greed. When the priests were about to offer the sacrificial ingredients into the fire, Maharaja Bharata expertly understood how the offering made to different demigods was simply an offering to the different limbs of the Lord. For instance, Indra is the arm of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and Surya [the sun] is His eye. Thus Maharaja Bharata considered that the oblations offered to different demigods were actually offered unto the different limbs of Lord Vasudeva.

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> TEXT 7

> evam karma-visuddhyâ visuddha-sattvasyântar-hrdayâkâsa-sarîre

> brahmani bhagavati vâsudeve mahâ-purusa-rûpopalaksane srîvatsa-

> kaustubha-vana-mâlâri-dara-gadâdibhir upalaksite nija-purusa-hrl-

> likhitenâtmani purusa-rûpena virocamâna uccaistarâm bhaktir

> anudinam edhamâna-rayâjâyata.

> evam--thus; karma-visuddhyâ--by offering everything for the service of the Supreme Personality of Godhead and not desiring any results of his pious activities; visuddha-sattvasya--of Bharata Mahârâja. whose existence was completely purified; antah-hrdaya-âkâsa-sarîre--the Supersoul within the heart, as meditated on by yogîs; brahmani--into impersonal Brahman, which is worshiped by impersonalist jnânîs; bhagavati--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vâsudeve--the son of Vasudeva, Lord Krsna; mahâ-purusa--of the Supreme Person; rûpa--of the form; upalaksane--having the symptoms; srîvatsa--the mark on the chest of the Lord; kaustubha--the Kaustubha gem used by the Lord; vana-mâlâ--flower garland; ari-dara--by the disc and conchshell; gadâ-âdibhih--by the club and other symbols; upalaksite--being recognized; nija-purusa-hrt-likhitena--which is situated in the heart of His own devotee like an engraved picture; âtmani--in his own mind; purusa-rûpena--by His personal form; virocamâne--shining; uccaistarâm--on a very high level; bhaktih--devotional service; anudinam--day after day; edhamâna--increasing; rayâ--possessing force; ajâyata--appeared.

> TRANSLATION

> In this way, being purified by ritualistic sacrifices, the heart of Maharaja Bharata was completely uncontaminated. His devotional service unto Vasudeva, Lord Krsna, increased day after day. Lord Krsna, the son of Vasudeva, is the original Personality of Godhead manifest as the Supersoul [Paramatma] as well as the impersonal Brahman. Yogis meditate upon the localized Paramatma situated in the heart, jnanis worship the impersonal Brahman as the Supreme Absolute Truth, and devotees worship Vasudeva, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose transcendental body is described in the sastras. His body is decorated with the Srivatsa, the Kaustubha jewel and a flower garland, and His hands hold a conchshell, disc, club and lotus flower. Devotees like Narada always think of Him within their hearts.

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> TEXT 8

> evam varsâyuta-sahasra-paryantâvasita-karma-nirvânâvasaro

> 'dhibhujyamânam sva-tanayebhyo riktham pitr-paitâmaham yathâ-

> dâyam vibhajya svayam saka la-sampan-niketât sva-niketât

> pulahâsramam pravavrâja.

> evam--thus being always engaged; varsa-ayuta-sahasra--one thousand times ten thousand years; paryanta--until then; avasita-karma-nirvâna-avasarah--Mahârâja Bharata who ascertained the moment of the end of his royal opulence; adhibhujyamânam--being enjoyed in this way for that duration; sva-tanayebhyah--unto his own sons; riktham--the wealth; pitr-paitâmaham--which he received from his father and forefathers; yathâ-dâyam--according to the dâya-bhâk laws of Manu; vibhajya--dividing; svayam--personally; sakala-sampat--of all kinds of opulence; niketât--the abode; sva-niketât--from his paternal home; pulaha-âsramam pravavrâja--he went to the âsrama of Pulaha in Hardwar (where the sâlagrâma-silâs are obtainable).

> TRANSLATION

> Destiny fixed the time for Maharaja Bharata's enjoyment of material opulence at one thousand times ten thousand years. When that period was finished, he retired from family life and divided the wealth he had received from his forefathers among his sons. He left his paternal home, the reservoir of all opulence, and started for Pulahasrama, which is situated in Hardwar. The salagrama-silas are obtainable there.

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> TEXT 9

> yatra ha vâva bhagavân harir adyâpi tatratyânâm nija janânâm

> vâtsalyena sannidhâpyata icchâ-rûpena.

> yatra--where; ha vâva--certainly; bhagavân--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; harih--the Lord; adya-api--even today; tatratyânâm--residing in that place; nija janânâm--for His own devotees; vâtsalyena--by His transcendental affection; sannidhâpyate--becomes visible; icchâ-rûpena--according to the desire of the devotee.

> TRANSLATION

> At Pulaha-asrama, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Hari, out of His transcendental affection for His devotee, becomes visible to His devotee, satisfying His devotee's desires.

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> TEXT 10

> yatrâsrama-padâny ubhayato nâbhibhir drsac-cakrais cakra-nadî

> nâma sarit-pravarâ sarvatah pavitrî-karoti.

> yatra--where; âsrama-padâni--all hermitages; ubhayatah--both on top and below; nâbhibhih--like the symbolic mark of a navel; drsat--visible; cakraih--with the circles; cakra-nadî--the Cakra-nadî River (generally known as the Gandakî); nâma--of the name; sarit-pravarâ--the most important river of all; sarvatah--everywhere; pavitrî-karoti--sanctifies.

> TRANSLATION

> In Pulaha-asrama is the Gandaki River, which is the best of all rivers. The salagrama-sila, the marble pebbles, purify all those places. On each and every marble pebble, up and down, circles like navels are visible.

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> TEXT 11

> tasmin vâva kila sa ekalah pulahâsramopavane vividha-kusuma-

> kisalaya-tulasikâmbubhih kanda-mûla-phalopahârais ca samîhamâno

> bhagavata ârâdhanam vivikta uparata-visayâbhilâsa upabhrtopasamah

> parâm nirvrtim avâpa.

> tasmin--in that âsrama; vâva kila--indeed; sah--Bharata Mahârâja; ekalah--alone, only; pulaha-âsrama-upavane--in the gardens situated in Pulaha-âsrama; vividha-kusuma-kisalaya-tulasikâ-ambubhih--with varieties of flowers, twigs and tulasî leaves, as well as with water; kanda-mûla-phala-upahâraih--by offerings of roots, bulbs and fruits; ca--and; samîhamânah--performing; bhagavatah--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; ârâdhanam--worshiping; viviktah--purified; uparata--being freed from; visaya-abhilâsah--desire for material sense enjoyment; upabhrta--increased; upasamah--tranquillity; parâm--transcendental; nirvrtim--satisfaction; avâpa--he obtained.

> TRANSLATION

> In the gardens of Pulaha-asrama, Maharaja Bharata lived alone and collected a variety of flowers, twigs and tulasi leaves. He also collected the water of the Gandaki River, as well as various roots, fruits and bulbs. With these he offered food to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vasudeva, and, worshiping Him, he remained satisfied. In this way his heart was completely uncontaminated, and he did not have the least desire for material enjoyment. All material desires vanished. In this steady position, he felt full satisfaction and was situated in devotional service.

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> TEXT 12

> tayettham avirata-purusa-paricaryayâ bhagavati pravardhamânâ-

> nurâga-bhara-druta-hrdaya-saithilyah praharsa-vegenâtmany

> udbhidyamâna-roma-pulaka-kulaka autkanthya-pravrtta-pranaya-

> bâspa-niruddhâvaloka-nayana evam nija-ramanâruna-

> caranâravindânudhyâna-paricita-bhakti-yogena paripluta-

> paramâhlâda-gambhîra-hrdaya-hradâvagâdha-dhisanas tâm api

> kriyamânâm bhagavat-saparyâm na sasmâra.

> tayâ--by that; ittham--in this manner; avirata--constant; purusa--of the Supreme Lord; paricaryayâ--by service; bhagavati--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; pravardhamâna--constantly increasing; anurâga--of attachment; bhara--by the load; druta--melted; hrdaya--heart; saithilyah--laxity; praharsa-vegena--by the force of transcendental ecstasy; âtmani--in his body; udbhidyamâna-roma-pulaka-kulakah--standing of the hair on end; autkanthya--because of intense longing; pravrtta--produced; pranaya-bâspa-niruddha-avaloka-nayanah--awakening of tears of love in the eyes, obstructing the vision; evam--thus; nija-ramana-aruna-carana-aravinda--on the Lord's reddish lotus feet; anudhyâna--by meditating; paricita--increased; bhakti-yogena--by dint of devotional service; paripluta--spreading everywhere; parama--highest; âhlâda--of spiritual bliss; gambhîra--very deep; hrdaya-hrada--in the heart, which is compared to a lake; avagâdha--immersed; dhisanah--whose intelligence; tâm--that; api--although; kriyamânâm--executing; bhagavat--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; saparyâm--the worship; na--not; sasmâra--remembered.

> TRANSLATION

> That most exalted devotee, Maharaja Bharata, in this way engaged constantly in the devotional service of the Lord. Naturally his love for Vasudeva, Krsna, increased more and more and melted his heart. Consequently he gradually lost all attachment for regulative duties. The hairs of his body stood on end, and all the ecstatic bodily symptoms were manifest. Tears flowed from his eyes, so much so that he could not see anything. Thus he constantly meditated on the reddish lotus feet of the Lord. At that time, his heart, which was like a lake, was filled with the water of ecstatic love. When his mind was immersed in that lake, he even forgot the regulative service to the Lord.

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> TEXT 13

> ittham dhrta-bhagavad-vrata aineyâjina-vâsasânusavanâbhisekârdra-

> kapisa-kutila-jatâ-kalâpena ca virocamânah sûryarcâ bhagavantam

> hiranmayam purusam ujjihâne sûrya-mandale 'bhyupatisthann etad u

> hovâca.

> ittham--in this way; dhrta-bhagavat-vratah--having accepted the vow to serve the Supreme Personality of Godhead; aineya-ajina-vâsasa--with a dress of a deerskin; anusavana--three times in a day; abhiseka--by a bath; ardra--wet; kapisa--tawny; kutila jatâ--of curling and matted hair; kalâpena--by masses; ca--and; virocamânah--being very beautifully decorated; sûryarcâ--by the Vedic hymns worshiping the expansion of Nârâyana within the sun; bhagavantam--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; hiranmayam--the Lord, whose bodily hue is just like gold; purusam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; ujjihâne--when rising; sûrya-mandale--the sun globe; abhyupatisthan--worshiping; etat--this; u ha--certainly; uvâca--he recited.

> TRANSLATION

> Maharaja Bharata appeared very beautiful. He had a wealth of curly hair on his head, which was wet from bathing three times daily. He dressed in a deerskin. He worshiped Lord Narayana, whose body was composed of golden effulgence and who resided within the sun. Maharaja Bharata worshiped Lord Narayana by chanting the hymns given in the Rg Veda, and he recited the following verse as the sun rose.

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> TEXT 14

> paro-rajah savitur jâta-vedo

> devasya bhargo manasedam jajâna

> suretasâdah punar âvisya caste

> hamsam grdhrânam nrsad-ringirâm imah

> parah-rajah--beyond the mode of passion (situated in the pure mode of goodness); savituh--of the one who illuminates the whole universe; jâta-vedah--from which all the devotee's desires are fulfilled; devasya--of the Lord; bhargah--the self-effulgence; manasâ--simply by contemplating; idam--this universe; jajâna--created; su-retasâ--by spiritual potency; adah--this created world; punah--again; âvisya--entering; caste--sees or maintains; hamsam--the living entity; grdhrânam--desiring for material enjoyment; nrsat--to the intelligence; ringirâm--to one who gives motion; imah--let me offer my obeisances.

> TRANSLATION

> "The Supreme Personality of Godhead is situated in pure goodness. He illuminates the entire universe and bestows all benedictions upon His devotees. The Lord has created this universe from His own spiritual potency. According to His desire, the Lord entered this universe as the Supersoul, and by virtue of His different potencies, He is maintaining all living entities desiring material enjoyment. Let me offer my respectful obeisances unto the Lord, who is the giver of intelligence."

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