> > Srimad Bhagavatam - Canto 5
> > Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
> > (for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)

> > Canto 5

> > **************

> > Chapter One The Activities of Maharaja Priyavrata

> > *******

> > TEXT 1

> > râjovâca

> > priyavrato bhâgavata

> > âtmârâmah katham mune

> > grhe 'ramata yan-mûlah

> > karma-bandhah parâbhavah

> > râjâ uvâca--King Parîksit said; priya-vratah--King Priyavrata; bhâgavatah--the great devotee; âtma-ârâmah--who takes pleasure in self-realization; katham--why; mune--O great sage; grhe--at home; aramata--enjoyed; yat-mûlah--having which as the root cause; karma-bandhah--the bondage of fruitive activities; parâbhavah--the defeat of one's human mission.

> > TRANSLATION

> > King Pariksit inquired from Sukadeva Gosvami: O great sage, why did King Priyavrata, who was a great, self-realized devotee of the Lord, remain in household life, which is the root cause of the bondage of karma [fruitive activities] and which defeats the mission of human life?

> > *******

> > TEXT 2

> > na nûnam mukta-sangânâm

> > tâdrsânâm dvijarsabha

> > grhesv abhiniveso 'yam

> > pumsâm bhavitum arhati

> > na--not; nûnam--certainly; mukta-sangânâm--who are free from attachment; tâdrsânâm--such; dvija-rsabha--O greatest of the brâhmanas; grhesu--to family life; abhinivesah--excessive attachment; ayam--this; pumsâm--of persons; bhavitum--to be; arhati--is possible.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Devotees are certainly liberated persons. Therefore, O greatest of the brahmanas, they cannot possibly be absorbed in family affairs.

> > *******

> > TEXT 3

> > mahatâm khalu viprarse

> > uttamasloka-pâdayoh

> > châyâ-nirvrta-cittânâm

> > na kutumbe sprhâ-matih

> > mahatâm--of great devotees; khalu--certainly; vipra-rse--O great sage among the brâhmanas; uttama-sloka-pâdayoh--of the lotus feet of the Supreme personality of Godhead; châyâ--by the shade; nirvrta--satiated; cittânâm--whose consciousness; na--never; kutumbe--to family members; sprhâ-matih--consciousness with attachment.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Elevated mahatmas who have taken shelter of the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead are fully satiated by the shade of those lotus feet. Their consciousness cannot possibly become attached to family members.

> > *******

> > TEXT 4

> > samsayo 'yam mahân brahman

> > dârâgâra-sutâdisu

> > saktasya yat siddhir abhût

> > krsne ca matir acyutâ

> > samsayah--doubt; ayam--this; mahân--great; brahman--O brâhmana; dâra--to the wife; âgâra--home; suta--children; âdisu--and so on; saktasya--of a person attached; yat--because; siddhih--perfection; abhût--became; krsne--unto Krsna; ca--also; matih--attachment; acyutâ--infallible.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The King continued: O great brahmana, this is my great doubt. How was it possible for a person like King Priyavrata, who was so attached to wife, children and home, to achieve the topmost infallible perfection in Krsna consciousness?

> > *******

> > TEXT 5

> > srî-suka uvâca

> > bâdham uktam bhagavata uttamaslokasya srîmac-

> > caranâravinda-makaranda-rasa âvesita-cetaso bhâgavata-

> > paramahamsa-dayita-kathâm kincid antarâya-vihatâm svâm

> > sivatamâm padavîm na prâyena hinvanti

> > srî-sukah uvâca--Srî Sukadeva Gosvâmî said; bâdham--correct; uktam--what you have said; bhagavatah--of the Personality of Godhead; uttama-slokasya--who is praised with excellent verses; srîmat-carana-aravinda--of the feet, which are just like the most beautiful fragrant lotus flowers; makaranda--honey; rase--in the nectar; âvesita--absorbed; cetasah--whose hearts; bhâgavata--to the devotees; paramahamsa--liberated persons; dayita--pleasing; kathâm--glorification; kincit--sometimes; antarâya--by impediments; vihatâm--checked; svâm--own; siva-tamâm--most exalted; padavîm--position; na--do not; prâyena--almost always; hinvanti--give up.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Sukadeva Gosvami said: What you have said is correct. The glories of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is praised in eloquent, transcendental verses by such exalted personalities as Brahma, are very pleasing to great devotees and liberated persons. One who is attached to the nectarean honey of the Lord's lotus feet, and whose mind is always absorbed in His glories, may sometimes be checked by some impediment, but he still never gives up the exalted position he has acquired.

> > *******

> > TEXT 6

> > yarhi vâva ha râjan sa râja-putrah priyavratah parama-bhâgavato

> > nâradasya caranopasevayânjasâvagata-paramârtha-satattvo brahma-

> > satrena dîksisyamâno 'vani-tala-paripâlanâyâmnâta-pravara-guna-

> > ganaikânta-bhâjanatayâ sva-pitropâmantrito bhagavati vâsudeva

> > evâvyavadhâna-samâdhi-yogena samâvesita-sakala-kâraka-kriyâ-

> > kalâpo naivâbhyanandad yadyapi tad apratyâmnâtavyam tad-

> > adhikarana âtmano 'nyasmâd asato 'pi parâbhavam anvîksamânah.

> > yarhi--because; vâva ha--indeed; râjan--O King; sah--he; râja-putrah--the Prince; priyavratah--Priyavrata; parama--supreme; bhâgavatah--devotee; nâradasya--of Nârada; carana--the lotus feet; upasevayâ--by serving; anjasâ--quickly; avagata--became aware of; parama-artha--transcendental subject matter; sa-tattvah--with all knowable facts; brahma-satrena--by continuous discussion of the Supreme; dîksisyamânah--desiring to fully dedicate himself; avanitala--the surface of the globe; paripâlanâya--to rule over; âmnâta--directed in the revealed scriptures; pravara--highest; guna--of qualities; gana--the sum total; ekânta--without deviation; bhâjanatayâ--because of his possessing; sva-pitrâ--by his father; upâmantritah--being asked; bhavagati--in the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vâsudeve--the all-pervading Lord; eva--certainly; avyavadhâna--without cessation; samâdhi-yogena--by practicing yoga in complete absorption; samâvesita--completely dedicated; sakala--all; kâraka--senses; kriyâ-kalâpah--whose total activities; na--not; eva--thus; abhyanandat--welcomed; yadyapi--although; tat--that; apratyâmnâtavyam--not to be rejected for any reason; tat-adhikarane--in occupying that post; âtmanah--of himself; anyasmât--by other engagements; asatah--material; api--certainly; parâbhavam--deterioration; anvîksamânah--foreseeing.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sukadeva Gosvami continued: My dear King, Prince Priyavrata was a great devotee because he sought the lotus feet of Narada, his spiritual master, and thus achieved the highest perfection in transcendental knowledge. With advanced knowledge, he always engaged in discussing spiritual subjects and did not divert his attention to anything else. The Prince's father then asked him to take charge of ruling the world. He tried to convince Priyavrata that this was his duty as indicated in the revealed scriptures. Prince Priyavrata, however, was continuously practicing bhakti-yoga by constantly remembering the Supreme Personality of Godhead, thus engaging all his senses in the service of the Lord. Therefore, although the order of his father could not be rejected, the Prince did not welcome it. Thus he very conscientiously raised the question of whether he might be diverted from devotional service by accepting the responsibility of ruling over the world.

> > *******

> > TEXT 7

> > atha ha bhagavân âdi-deva etasya guna-visargasya

> > paribrmhanânudhyâna-vyavasita-sakala jagad-abhiprâya âtma-yonir

> > akhila-nigama-nija-gana-parivestitah sva-bhavanâd avatatâra.

> > atha--thus; ha--indeed; bhagavân--the most powerful; âdi-devah--the first demigod; etasya--of this universe; guna-visargasya--the creation of the three modes of material nature; paribrmhana--the welfare; anudhyâna--always thinking of; vyavasita--known; sakala--whole; jagat--of the universe; abhiprâyah--by whom the ultimate purpose; âtma--the Supreme Self; yonih--whose source of birth; akhila--all; nigama--by the Vedas; nija-gana--by personal associates; parivestitah--being surrounded; sva-bhavanât--from his own abode; avatatâra--descended.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Sukadeva Gosvami continued: The first created being and most powerful demigod in this universe is Lord Brahma, who is always responsible for developing universal affairs. Born directly from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, he dedicates his activities to the welfare of the entire universe, for he knows the purpose of the universal creation. This supremely powerful Lord Brahma, accompanied by his associates and the personified Vedas, left his own abode in the highest planetary system and descended to the place of Prince Priyavrata's meditation.

> > *******

> > TEXT 8

> > sa tatra tatra gagana-tala udu-patir iva vimânâvalibhir anupatham

> > amara-parivrdhair abhipûjyamânah pathi pathi ca varûthasah siddha-

> > gandharva-sâdhya-cârana-muni-ganair upagîyamâno gandha-

> > mâdana-dronîm avabhâsayann upasasarpa.

> > sah--he (Lord Brahmâ); tatra tatra--here and there; gagana-tale--under the canopy of the sky; udu-patih--the moon; iva--like; vimâna-âvalibhih--in their different airplanes; anupatham--along the path; amara--of the demigods; parivrdhaih--by the leaders; abhipûjyamânah--being worshiped; pathi pathi--on the way, one after another; ca--also; varûthasah--in groups; siddha--by the residents of Siddhaloka; gandharva--by the residents of Gandharvaloka; sâdhya--by the residents of Sâdhyaloka; cârana--by the residents of Câranaloka; muni-ganaih--and by great sages; upagîyamânah--being worshiped; gandha-mâdana--of the planet where the Gandhamâdana Hill is found; dronîm--the border; avabhâsayan--illuminating; upasasarpa--he approached.

> > TRANSLATION

> > As Lord Brahma descended on his carrier, the great swan, all the residents of the planets named Siddhaloka, Gandharvaloka, Sadhyaloka and Caranaloka, as well as great sages and demigods flying in their different airplanes, assembled within the canopy of the sky to receive Lord Brahma and worship him. As he received respect and adoration from the residents of the various planets, Lord Brahma appeared just like the full moon surrounded by illuminating stars. Lord Brahma's great swan then arrived at the border of Gandhamadana Hill and approached Prince Priyavrata, who was sitting there.

> > *******

> > TEXT 9

> > tatra ha vâ enam devarsir hamsa-yânena pitaram bhagavantam

> > hiranya-garbham upalabhamânah sahasaivotthâyârhanena saha pitâ-

> > putrâbhyâm avahitânjalir upatasthe.

> > tatra--there; ha vâ--certainly; enam--him; deva-rsih--the great saint Nârada; hamsa-yânena--by the swan carrier; pitaram--his father; bhagavantam--most powerful; hiranya-garbham--Lord Brahmâ; upalabhamânah--understanding; sahasâ eva--immediately; utthâya--having stood up; arhanena--with paraphernalia for worship; saha--accompanied; pitâ-putrâbhyâm--by Priyavrata and his father. Svâyambhuva Manu; avahita-anjalih--with respect and folded hands; upatasthe--worshiped.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lord Brahma, the father of Narada Muni, is the supreme person within this universe. As soon as Narada saw the great swan, he could understand that Lord Brahma had arrived. Therefore he immediately stood up, along with Svayambhuva Manu and his son Priyavrata, whom Narada was instructing. Then they folded their hands and began to worship Lord Brahma with great respect.

> > *******

> > TEXT 10

> > bhagavân api bhârata tad-upanîtârhanah sûkta-vâkenâtitarâm udita-

> > guna-ganâvatâra-sujayah priyavratam âdi-purusas tam sadaya-

> > hâsâvaloka iti hovâca.

> > bhagavân--Lord Brahmâ; api--moreover; bhârata--O King Parîksit; tat--by them; upanîta--brought forward; arhanah--worshipable paraphernalia; sûkta--according to Vedic etiquette; vâkena--by language; atitarâm--highly; udita--praised; guna-gana--qualities; avatâra--because of the descent; su jayah--whose glories; priyavratam--unto Priyavrata; âdi-purusah--the original person; tam--unto him; sa-daya--with compassion; hâsa--smiling; avalokah--whose looking; iti--thus; ha--certainly; uvâca--said.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear King Pariksit, because Lord Brahma had finally descended from Satyaloka to Bhuloka, Narada Muni, Prince Priyavrata and Svayambhuva Manu came forward to offer him objects of worship and to praise him in highly qualified language, according to Vedic etiquette. At that time, Lord Brahma, the original person of this universe, felt compassion for Priyavrata and, looking upon him with a smiling face, spoke to him as follows.

> > *******

> > TEXT 11

> > srî-bhagavân uvâca

> > nibodha tatedam rtam bravîmi

> > mâsûyitum devam arhasy aprameyam

> > vayam bhavas te tata esa maharsir

> > vahâma sarve vivasâ yasya distam

> > srî-bhagavân uvâca--the supreme person, Lord Brahmâ, said; nibodha--kindly hear with attention; tata--my dear son; idam--this; rtam--true; bravîmi--I am speaking; mâ--not; asûyitum--to be jealous of; devam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; arhasi--you ought; aprameyam--who is beyond our experimental knowledge; vayam--we; bhavah--Lord Siva; te--your; tatah--father; esah--this; mahâ-rsih--Nârada; vahâmah--carry out; sarve--all; vivasâh--unable to deviate; yasya--of whom; distam--the order.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lord Brahma, the supreme person within this universe, said: My dear Priyavrata, kindly hear attentively what I shall say to you. Do not be jealous of the Supreme Lord, who is beyond our experimental measurements. All of us, including Lord Siva, your father and the great sage Maharsi Narada, must carry out the order of the Supreme. We cannot deviate from His order.

> > *******

> > TEXT 12

> > na tasya kascit tapasâ vidyayâ vâ

> > na yoga-vîryena manîsayâ vâ

> > naivârtha-dharmaih paratah svato vâ

> > krtam vihantum tanu-bhrd vibhûyât

> > na--never; tasya--His; kascit--anyone; tapasâ--by austerity; vidyayâ--by education; vâ--or; na--never; yoga--by power of mystic yoga; vîryena--by personal strength; manîsayâ--by intelligence; vâ--or; na--never; eva--certainly; artha--by material opulence; dharmaih--by the power of religion; paratah--by any external power; svatah--by personal endeavor; vâ--or; krtam--the order; vihantum--to avoid; tanu-bhrt--a living entity who has accepted a material body; vibhûyât--is able.

> > TRANSLATION

> > One cannot avoid the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, not by the strength of severe austerities, an exalted Vedic education, or the power of mystic yoga, physical prowess or intellectual activities. Nor can one use his power of religion, his material opulence or any other means, either by himself or with the help of others, to defy the orders of the Supreme Lord. That is not possible for any living being, from Brahma down to the ant.

> > *******

> > TEXT 13

> > bhavâya nâsâya ca karma kartum

> > sokâya mohâya sadâ bhayâya

> > sukhâya duhkhâya ca deha-yogam

> > avyakta-distam janatânga dhatte

> > bhavâya--for birth; nâsâya--for death; ca--also; karma--activity; kartum--to do; sokâya--for bereavement; mohâya--for illusion; sadâ--always; bhayâya--for fear; sukhâya--for happiness; duhkhâya--for distress; ca--also; deha-yogam--connection with a material body; avyakta--by the Supreme personality of Godhead; distam--directed; janatâ--the living entities; anga--O Priyavrata; dhatte--accept.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear Priyavrata, by the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, all living entities accept different types of bodies for birth and death, activity, lamentation, illusion, fear of future dangers, and happiness and distress.

> > *******

> > TEXT 14

> > yad-vâci tantyâm guna-karma-dâmabhih

> > sudustarair vatsa vayam suyojitâh

> > sarve vahâmo balim îsvarâya

> > protâ nasîva dvi-pade catus-padah

> > yat--of whom; vâci--in the form of Vedic instruction; tantyâm--to a long rope; guna--of quality; karma--and work; dâmabhih--by the ropes; su-dustaraih--very difficult to avoid; vatsa--my dear boy; vayam--we; su-yojitâh--are engaged; sarve--all; vahâmah--carry out; balim--orders to please Him; îsvarâya--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; protâh--being bound; nasi--in the nose; iva--like; dvi-pade--to the two-legged (driver); catuh-padah--the four-legged (bulls).

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear boy, all of us are bound by the Vedic injunctions to the divisions of varnasrama according to our qualities and work. These divisions are difficult to avoid because they are scientifically arranged. We must therefore carry out our duties of varnasrama-dharma, like bulls obliged to move according to the direction of a driver pulling on ropes knotted to their noses.

> > *******

> > TEXT 15

> > îsâbhisrstam hy avarundhmahe 'nga

> > duhkham sukham vâ guna-karma-sangât

> > âsthâya tat tad yad ayunkta nâthas

> > caksusmatândhâ iva nîyamânâh

> > îsa-abhisrstam--created or given by the Lord; hi--certainly; avarundhmahe--we have to accept; anga--my dear Priyavrata; duhkham--distress; sukham--happiness; vâ--or; guna-karma--with quality and work; sangât--by association; âsthâya--being situated in; tat tat--that condition; yat--which body; ayunkta--He gave; nâthah--the Supreme Lord; caksusmatâ--by a person having eyes; andhâh--blind men; iva--like; nîyamânâh--being conducted.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear Priyavrata, according to our association with different modes of material nature, the Supreme Personality of Godhead gives us our specific bodies and the happiness and distress we achieve. One must therefore remain situated as he is and be conducted by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, exactly as a blind man is led by a person who has eyes with which to see.

> > *******

> > TEXT 16

> > mukto 'pi tâvad bibhryât sva-deham

> > ârabdham asnann abhimâna-sûnyah

> > yathânubhûtam pratiyâta-nidrah

> > kim tv anya-dehâya gunân na vrnkte

> > muktah--a liberated person; api--even; tâvat--so long; bibhryât--must maintain; sva-deham--his own body; ârabdham--obtained as a result of past activity; asnan--accepting; abhimâna-sûnyah--without erroneous conceptions; yathâ--as; anubhûtam--what was perceived; pratiyâta-nidrah--one who has awakened from sleep; kim tu--but; anya-dehâya--for another material body; gunân--the material qualities; na--never; vrnkte--enjoys.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Even if one is liberated, he nevertheless accepts the body he has received according to his past karma. Without misconceptions, however, he regards his enjoyment and suffering due to that karma the way an awakened person regards a dream he had while sleeping. He thus remains steadfast and never works to achieve another material body under the influence of the three modes of material nature.

> > *******

> > TEXT 17

> > bhayam pramattasya vanesv api syâd

> > yatah sa âste saha-sat-sapatnah

> > jitendriyasyâtma-rater budhasya

> > grhâsramah kim nu karoty avadyam

> > bhayam--fear; pramattasya--of one who is bewildered; vanesu--in forests; api--even; syât--there must be; yatah--because; sah--he (one who is not self-controlled); âste--is existing; saha--with; sat-sapatnah--six co-wives; jita-indriyasya--for one who has already conquered the senses; âtma-rateh--self-satisfied; budhasya--for such a learned man; grha-âsramah--household life; kim--what; nu--indeed; karoti--can do; avadyam--harm.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Even if he goes from forest to forest, one who is not self-controlled must always fear material bondage because he is living with six co-wives--the mind and knowledge-acquiring senses. Even householder life, however, cannot harm a self-satisfied, learned man who has conquered his senses.

> > *******

> > TEXT 18

> > yah sat sapatnân vijigîsamâno

> > grhesu nirvisya yateta pûrvam

> > atyeti durgâsrita ûrjitârîn

> > ksînesu kâmam vicared vipascit

> > yah--anyone who; sat--six; sapatnân--adversaries; vijigîsamânah--desiring to conquer; grhesu--in household life; nirvisya--having entered; yateta--must try; pûrvam--first; atyeti--conquers; durga-âsritah--being in a fortified place; ûrjita-arîn--very strong enemies; ksînesu--decreased; kâmam--lusty desires; vicaret--can go; vipascit--the most experienced, learned.

> > TRANSLATION

> > One who is situated in household life and who systematically conquers his mind and five sense organs is like a king in his fortress who conquers his powerful enemies. After one has been trained in household life and his lusty desires have decreased, he can move anywhere without danger.

> > *******

> > TEXT 19

> > tvam tv abja-nâbhânghri-saroja-kosa-

> > durgâsrito nirjita-sat-sapatnah

> > bhunksveha bhogân purusâtidistân

> > vimukta-sangah prakrtim bhajasva

> > tvam--yourself; tu--then; abja-nâbha--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose navel is like a lotus flower; anghri--feet; saroja--lotus; kosa--hole; durga--the stronghold; âsritah--taken shelter of; nirjita--conquered; sat-sapatnah--the six enemies (the mind and five senses); bhunksva--enjoy; iha--in this material world; bhogân--enjoyable things; purusa--by the Supreme person; atidistân--extraordinarily ordered; vimukta--liberated; sangah--from material association; prakrtim--constitutional position; bhajasva--enjoy.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lord Brahma continued: My dear Priyavrata, seek shelter inside the opening in the lotus of the feet of the Lord, whose navel is also like a lotus. Thus conquer the six sense organs [the mind and knowledge-acquiring senses]. Accept material enjoyment because the Lord, extraordinarily, has ordered you to do this. You will thus always be liberated from material association and be able to carry out the Lord's orders in your constitutional position.

> > *******

> > TEXT 20

> > Srî-suka uvâca

> > iti sama bhihito mahâ-bhâgavato bhagavatas tri-bhuvana-guror

> > anusâsanam âtmano laghutayâvanata-sirodharo bâdham iti sabahu-

> > mânam uvâha.

> > srî-sukah uvâca--Srî Sukadeva Gosvâmî said; iti--thus; samabhihitah--completely instructed; mahâ-bhâgavatah--the great devotee; bhagavatah--of the most powerful Lord Brahmâ; tri-bhuvana--of the three worlds; guroh--the spiritual master; anusâsanam--the order; âtmanah--of himself; laghutayâ--because of inferiority; avanata--bowed down; sirodharah--his head; bâdham--yes, sir; iti--thus; sa-bahu-mânam--with great respect; uvâha--carried out.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Sukadeva Gosvami continued: After thus being fully instructed by Lord Brahma, who is the spiritual master of the three worlds, Priyavrata, his own position being inferior, offered obeisances, accepted the order and carried it out with great respect.

> > *******

> > TEXT 21

> > bhagavân api manunâ yathâvad upakalpitâpacitih priyavrata-

> > nâradayor avisamam abhisamîksamânayor âtmasam avasthânam

> > avân-manasam ksayam avyavahrtam pravartayann agamat.

> > bhagavân--the most powerful Lord Brahmâ; api--also; manunâ--by Manu; yathâvat--as deserved; upakalpita-apacitih--being worshiped; priyavrata-nâradayoh--in the presence of Priyavrata and Nârada; avisamam--without aversion; abhisamîksamânayoh--looking on; âtmasam--just suitable for his position; avasthânam--to his abode; avâk-manasam--beyond the description of mind and words; ksayam--the planet; avyavahrtam--extraordinarily situated; pravartayan--departing; agamat--returned.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lord Brahma was then worshiped by Manu, who respectfully satisfied him as well as he could. Priyavrata and Narada also looked upon Brahma with no tinges of resentment. Having engaged Priyavrata in accepting his father's request, Lord Brahma returned to his abode, Satyaloka, which is indescribable by the endeavor of mundane mind or words.

> > *******

> > TEXT 22

> > manur api parenaivam pratisandhita-manorathah surarsi-

> > varânumatenâtmajam akhila-dharâ-mandala-sthiti-guptaya âsthâpya

> > svayam ati-visama-visaya-visa jalâsayâsâyâ upararâma.

> > manuh--Svâyambhuva Manu; api--also; parena--by Lord Brahmâ; evam--thus; pratisandhita--executed; manah-rathah--his mental aspiration; sura-rsi-vara--of the great sage Nârada; anumatena--by the permission; âtma jam--his son; akhila--of the entire universe; dharâ-mandala--of planets; sthiti--maintenance; guptaye--for the protection; âsthâpya--establishing; svayam--personally; ati-visama--very dangerous; visaya--material affairs; visa--of poison; jala-âsaya--ocean; âsâyâh--from desires; upararâma--got relief.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Svayambhuva Manu, with the assistance of Lord Brahma, thus fulfilled his desires. With the permission of the great sage Narada, he delivered to his son the governmental responsibility for maintaining and protecting all the planets of the universe. He thus achieved relief from the most dangerous, poisonous ocean of material desires.

> > *******

> > TEXT 23

> > iti ha vâva sa jagatî-patir îsvarecchayâdhinivesita-karmâdhikâro

> > 'khila jagad-bandha-dhvamsana-parânubhâvasya bhagavata âdi-

> > purusasyânghri-yugalânavarata-dhyânânubhâvena parirandhita-ka-

> > sâyâsayo 'vadâto 'pi mâna-vardhano mahatâm mahîtalam anusasâsa.

> > iti--thus; ha vâva--indeed; sah--he; jagatî-patih--the emperor of the whole universe; îsvara-icchayâ--by the order of the Supreme personality of Godhead; adhinivesita--completely engaged; karma-adhikârah--in material affairs; akhila jagat--of the entire universe; bandha--bondage; dhvamsana--destroying; para--transcendental; anubhâvasya--whose influence; bhagavatah--of the Supreme personality of Godhead; âdi-purusasya--the original person; anghri--on the lotus feet; yugala--two; anavarata--constant; dhyâna-anubhâvena--by meditation; parirandhita--destroyed; kasâya--all the dirty things; âsayah--in his heart; avadâtah--completely pure; api--although; mâna-vardhanah--just to give honor; mahatâm--to superiors; mahîtalam--the material world; anusasâsa--ruled.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Following the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Maharaja Priyavrata fully engaged in worldly affairs, yet he always thought of the lotus feet of the Lord, which are the cause of liberation from all material attachment. Although Priyavrata Maharaja was completely freed from all material contamination, he ruled the material world just to honor the orders of his superiors.

> > *******

> > TEXT 24

> > atha ca duhitaram prajâpater visvakamaana upayeme barhismatîm

> > nâma tasyâm u ha vâva âtmajan âtma-samâna-sîla-guna-karma-rûpa-

> > vîryodârân dasa bhâvayâm babhûva kanyâm ca yavîyasîm ûrjasvatîm

> > nâma.

> > atha--thereafter; ca--also; duhitaram--the daughter; prajâpateh--of one of the prajâpatis entrusted with increasing population; visvakarmanah--named Visvakarmâ; upayeme--married; barhismatîm--Barhismatî; nâma--named; tasyâm--in her; u ha--as it is celebrated; vâva--wonderful; âtma jân--sons; âtma-samâna--exactly equal to him; sîla--character; guna--quality; karma--activities; rûpa--beauty; vîrya--prowess; udârân--whose magnanimity; dasa--ten; bhâvayâm babhûva--he begot; kanyâm--daughter; ca--also; yavîyasîm--the youngest of all; ûrjasvatîm--Ûrjasvatî; nâma--named.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter, Maharaja Priyavrata married Barhismati, the daughter of the prajapati named Visvakarma. In her he begot ten sons equal to him in beauty, character, magnanimity and other qualities. He also begot a daughter, the youngest of all, named Urjasvati.

> > *******

> > TEXT 25

> > âgnîdhredhmajihva-yajnabâhu-mahâvîra-hiranyareto-ghrtaprstha-

> > savana-medhâtithi-vîtihotra-kavaya iti sarva evâgni-nâmânah.

> > âgnîdhra--Âgnîdhra; idhmajihva--Idhmajihva; yajna-bâhu--Yajnabâhu; mahâ-vîra--Mahâvîra; hiranya-retah--Hiranyaretâ; ghrtaprstha--Ghrtaprstha; savana--Savana; medhâ-tithi--Medhâtithi; vîtihotra--Vîtihotra; kavayah--and Kavi; iti--thus; sarve--all these; eva--certainly; agni--of the demigod controlling fire; nâmânah--names.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The ten sons of Maharaja Priyavrata were named Agnidhra, Idhmajihva, Yajnabahu, Mahavira, Hiranyareta, Ghrtaprstha, Savana, Medhatithi, Vitihotra and Kavi. These are also names of Agni, the fire-god.

> > *******

> > TEXT 26

> > etesâm kavir mahâvîrah savana iti traya âsann ûrdhva-retasas ta ât-

> > ma-vidyâyâm arbha-bhâvâd ârabhya krta-paricayâh pâramahamsyam

> > evâsramam abhajan.

> > etesâm--of these; kavih--Kavi; mahâvîrah--Mahâvîra; savanah--Savana; iti--thus; trayah--three; âsan--were; ûrdhva-retasah--completely celibate; te--they; âtma-vidyâyâm--in transcendental knowledge; arbha-bhâvât--from childhood; ârabhya--beginning; krta-paricayâh--very well versed; pâramahamsyam--of the highest spiritual perfection of human life; eva--certainly; âsramam--the order; abhajan--executed.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Three among these ten--namely Kavi, Mahavira and Savana--lived in complete celibacy. Thus trained in brahmacari life from the beginning of childhood, they were very conversant with the highest perfection, known as the paramahamsa-asrama.

> > *******

> > TEXT 27

> > tasminn u ha vâ upasama-sîlâh paramarsayah sakala-jîva-

> > nikâyâvâsasya bhagavato vâsudevasya bhîtânâm sarana-bhûtasya

> > srîmac-caranâravindâvirata-smaranâvigalita-parama-bhakti-yogânu-

> > bhâvena paribhâvitântar-hrdayâdhigate bhagavati sarvesâm bhûtânâm

> > âtma-bhûte pratyag-âtmany evâtmanas tâdâtmyam avisesena samîyuh.

> > tasmin--in that paramahamsa-âsrama; u--certainly; ha--so celebrated; vâ--indeed; upasama-sîlâh--in the renounced order of life; parama-rsayah--the great sages; sakala--all; jîva--of living entities; nikâya--in total; âvâsasya--the residence; bhagavatah--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vâsudevasya--Lord Vâsudeva; bhîtânâm--of those afraid of material existence; sarana-bhûtasya--the one who is the only shelter; srîmat--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; carana-aravinda--the lotus feet; avirata--constantly; smarana--remembering; avigalita--completely uncontaminated; parama--supreme; bhakti-yoga--of mystic devotional service; anubhâvena--by the prowess; paribhâvita--purified; antah--within; hrdaya--the heart; adhigate--perceived; bhagavati--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; sarvesâm--of all; bhûtânâm--living entities; âtma-bhûte--situated within the body; pratyak--directly; âtmani--with the Supreme Supersoul; eva--certainly; âtmanah--of the self; tâd-âtmyam--qualitative equality; avisesena--without differences; samîyuh--realized.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thus situated in the renounced order from the beginning of their lives, all three of them completely controlled the activities of their senses and thus became great saints. They concentrated their minds always upon the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is the resting place of the totality of living entities and who is therefore celebrated as Vasudeva. Lord Vasudeva is the only shelter of those who are actually afraid of material existence. By constantly thinking of His lotus feet, these three sons of Maharaja Priyavrata became advanced in pure devotional service. By the prowess of their devotional service, they could directly perceive the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone's heart as the Supersoul, and realize that there was qualitatively no difference between themselves and Him.

> > *******

> > TEXT 28

> > anyasyâm api jâyâyâm

> > trayah putrâ âsann

> > uttamas tâmaso raivata iti

> > manvantarâdhipatayah

> > anyasyâm--other; api--also; jâyâyâm--in the wife; trayah--three; putrâh--sons; âsan--there were; uttamah tâmasah raivatah--Uttama, Tâmasa and Raivata; iti--thus; manu-antara--of the manvantara millennium; adhipatayah--rulers.

> > TRANSLATION

> > In his other wife, Maharaja Priyavrata begot three sons, named Uttama, Tamasa and Raivata. All of them later took charge of manvantara millenniums.

> > *******

> > TEXT 29

> > evam upasamâyanesu sva-tanayesv atha jagatî-patir jagatîm

> > arbudâny ekâdasa parivatsarânâm avyâhatâkhila-purusa-kâra-sâra-

> > sambhrta-dor-danda-yugalâpîdita-maurvî-guna-stanita-viramita-

> > dharma-pratipakso barhismatyâs cânudinam edhamâna-pramoda-

> > prasarana-yausinya-vrîdâ-pramusita-hâsâvaloka-rucira-ksvely-âdibhih

> > parâbhûyamâna-viveka ivânavabudhyamâna iva mahâmanâ bubhuje.

> > evam--thus; upasama-ayanesu--all well qualified; sva-tanayesu--his own sons; atha--thereafter; jagatî-patih--the master of the universe; jagatîm--the universe; arbudâni--arbudas (one arbuda equals 100,000,000); ekâdasa--eleven; parivatsarânâm--of years; avyâhata--without being interrupted; akhila--universal; purusa-kâra--prowess; sâra--strength; sambhrta--endowed with; doh-dandah--of powerful arms; yugala--by the pair; âpîdita--being drawn; maurvî-guna--of the bowstring; stanita--by the loud sound; viramita--defeated; dharma--religious principles; pratipaksah--those who are against; barhismatyâh--of his wife Barhismatî; ca--and; anudinam--daily; edhamâna--increasing; pramoda--pleasing intercourse; prasarana--amiability; yausinya--feminine behavior; vrîdâ--by shyness; pramusita--held back; hâsa--laughing; avaloka--glancing; rucira--pleasing; ksveli-âdibhih--by exchanges of loving propensities; parâbhûyamâna--being defeated; vivekah--his true knowledge; iva--like; anavabudhyamânah--a less intelligent person; iva--like; mahâ-manâh--the great soul; bubhuje--ruled.

> > TRANSLATION

> > After Kavi, Mahavira and Savana were completely trained in the paramahamsa stage of life, Maharaja Priyavrata ruled the universe for eleven arbudas of years. Whenever he was determined to fix his arrow upon his bowstring with his two powerful arms, all opponents of the regulative principles of religious life would flee from his presence in fear of the unparalleled prowess he displayed in ruling the universe. He greatly loved his wife Barhismati, and with the increase of days, their exchange of nuptial love also increased. By her feminine behavior as she dressed herself, walked, got up, smiled, laughed, and glanced about, Queen Barhismati increased his energy. Thus although he was a great soul, he appeared lost in the feminine conduct of his wife. He behaved with her just like an ordinary man, but actually he was a great soul.

> > *******

> > TEXT 30

> > yâvad avabhâsayati sura-girim anuparikrâman bhagavân âdityo

> > vasudhâ-talam ardhenaiva pratapaty ardhenâvacchâdayati tadâ hi

> > bhagavad-upâsanopacitâti-purusa-prabhâvas tad anabhinandan

> > samajavena rathena jyotirmayena rajanîm api dinam karisyâmîti sap-

> > ta-krt vastaranim anuparyakrâmad dvitîya iva patangah.

> > yâvat--so long; avabhâsayati--illuminates; sura-girim--the Sumeru Hill; anuparikrâman--by circumambulating; bhagavân--the most powerful; âdityah--sun-god; vasudhâ-talam--the lower planetary system; ardhena--by half; eva--certainly; pratapati--makes dazzling; ardhena--by half; avacchâdayati--covers with darkness; tadâ--at that time; hi--certainly; bhagavat-upâsanâ--by worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead; upacita--by satisfying Him perfectly; ati-purusa--superhuman; prabhâvah--influence; tat--that; anabhinandan--without appreciating; samajavena--by equally powerful; rathena--on a chariot; jyotih-mayena--dazzling; rajanîm--night; api--also; dinam--day; karisyâmi--I shall make it; iti--thus; saptakrt--seven times; vastaranim--exactly following the orbit of the sun; anuparyakrâmat--circumambulated; dvitîyah--second; iva--like; patangah--sun.

> > TRANSLATION

> > While so excellently ruling the universe, King Priyavrata once became dissatisfied with the circumambulation of the most powerful sun-god. Encircling Sumeru Hill on his chariot, the sun-god illuminates all the surrounding planetary systems. However, when the sun is on the northern side of the hill, the south receives less light, and when the sun is in the south, the north receives less. King Priyavrata disliked this situation and therefore decided to make daylight in the part of the universe where there was night. He followed the orbit of the sun-god on a brilliant chariot and thus fulfilled his desire. He could perform such wonderful activities because of the power he had achieved by worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

> > *******

> > TEXT 31

> > ye vâ u ha tad-ratha-carana-nemi-krta-parikhâtâs te sapta sindhava

> > âsan yata eva krtâh sapta bhuvo dvîpâh.

> > ye--that; vâ u ha--certainly; tat-ratha--of his chariot; carana--of the wheels; nemi--by the rims; krta--made; parikhâtâh--trenches; te--those; sapta--seven; sindhavah--oceans; âsan--became; yatah--because of which; eva--certainly; krtâh--were made; sapta--seven; bhuvah--of the Bhû-mandala; dvîpâh--islands.

> > TRANSLATION

> > When Priyavrata drove his chariot behind the sun, the rims of his chariot wheels created impressions that later became seven oceans, dividing the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala into seven islands.

> > *******

> > TEXT 32

> > jambû-plaksa-sâlmali-kusa-kraunca-sâka-puskara-samjnas tesâm

> > parimânam pûrvasmât pûrvasmâd uttara uttaro yathâ-sankhyam dvi-

> > guna-mânena bahih samantata upaklptâh.

> > jambû--Jambû; plaksa--Plaksa; sâlmali--Sâlmali; kusa--Kusa; kraunca--Kraunca; sâka--Sâka; puskara--Puskara; samjnâh--known as; tesâm--of them; parimânam--measurement; pûrvasmât pûrvasmât--from the former; uttarah uttarah--the following; yathâ--according to; sankhyam--number; dvi-guna--twice as much; mânena--with a measure; bahih--outside; samantatah--all around; upaklptâh--produced.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The names of the islands are Jambu, Plaksa, Salmali, Kusa, Kraunca, Saka and Puskara. Each island is twice as large as the one preceding it, and each is surrounded by a liquid substance, beyond which is the next island.

> > *******

> > TEXT 33

> > ksârodeksu-rasoda-suroda-ghrtoda-ksîroda-dadhi-mandoda-suddhodâh

> > sapta jaladhayah sapta dvîpa-parikhâ ivâbhyantara-dvîpa-samânâ

> > ekaikasyena yathânupûrvam saptasv api bahir dvîpesu prthak parita

> > upakalpitâs tesu jambv-âdisu barhismatî-patir anuvratânâtmajân

> > âgnîdhredhmajihva-yajnabâhu-hiranyareto ghrtaprstha-medhâtithi-

> > vîtihotra-samjnân yathâ-sankhyenaikaikasminn ekam evâdhi-patim

> > vidadhe.

> > ksâra--salt; uda--water; iksu-rasa--the liquid extract from sugarcane; uda--water; surâ--liquor; uda--water; ghrta--clarified butter; uda--water; ksîra--milk; uda--water; dadhi-manda--emulsified yogurt; uda--water; suddha-udâh--and drinking water; sapta--seven; jala-dhayah--oceans; sapta--seven; dvîpa--islands; parikhâh--trenches; iva--like; abhyantara--internal; dvîpa--islands; samânâh--equal to; eka-ekasyena--one after another; yathâ-anupûrvam--in chronological order; saptasu--seven; api--although; bahih--outside; dvîpesu--in islands; prthak--separate; paritah--all around; upakalpitâh--situated; tesu--within them; jambû-âdisu--beginning with Jambû; barhismatî--of Barhismatî; patih--the husband; anuvratân--who were actually followers of the father's principles; âtma jân--sons; âgnîdhra-idhmajihva-yajnabâhu-hiranyaretah-ghrtaprstha-medhâtithi-vîtihotra-samjnân--named Âgnidhra, Idhmajihva, Yajnabâhu, Hiranyaretâ, Ghrtaprstha, Medhâtithi and Vîtihotra; yathâ-sankhyena--by the same number; eka-ekasmin--in each island; ekam--one; eva--certainly; adhi-patim--king; vidadhe--he made.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The seven oceans respectively contain salt water, sugarcane juice, liquor, clarified butter, milk, emulsified yogurt, and sweet drinking water. All the islands are completely surrounded by these oceans, and each ocean is equal in breadth to the island it surrounds. Maharaja Priyavrata, the husband of Queen Barhismati, gave sovereignty over these islands to his respective sons, namely Agnidhra, Idhmajihva, Yajnabahu, Hiranyareta, Ghrtaprstha, Medhatithi and Vitihotra. Thus they all became kings by the order of their father.

> > *******

> > TEXT 34

> > duhitaram corjasvatîm nâmosanase prâyacchad yasyâm âsîd devayânî

> > nâma kâvya-sutâ.

> > duhitaram--the daughter; ca--also; ûrjasvatîm--Ûrjasvatî; nâma--named; usanase--unto the great sage Usanâ (Sukrâcârya); prâyacchat--he gave; yasyâm--unto whom; âsît--there was; devayânî--Devayânî; nâma--named; kâvya-sutâ--the daughter of Sukrâcârya.

> > TRANSLATION

> > King Priyavrata then gave his daughter, Urjasvati, in marriage to Sukracarya, who begot in her a daughter named Devayani.

> > *******

> > TEXT 35

> > naivam-vidhah purusa-kâra urukramasya

> > pumsâm tad-anghri-rajasâ jita-sad-gunânâm

> > citram vidûra-vigatah sakrd âdadîta

> > yan-nâmadheyam adhunâ sa jahâti bandham

> > na--not; evam-vidhah--like that; purusa-kârah--personal in fluence; uru-kramasya--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; pumsâm--of the devotees; tat-anghri--of His lotus feet; rajasâ--by the dust; jita-sat-gunânâm--who have conquered the influence of the six kinds of material whips; citram--wonderful; vidûra-vigatah--the fifth-grade person, or the untouchable; sakrt--only once; âdadîta--if he utters; yat--whose; nâmadheyam--holy name; adhunâ--immediately; sah--he; jahâti--gives up; bandham--material bondage.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear King, a devotee who has taken shelter of the dust from the lotus feet of the Lord can transcend the influence of the six material whips--namely hunger, thirst, lamentation, illusion, old age and death--and he can conquer the mind and five senses. However, this is not very wonderful for a pure devotee of the Lord because even a person beyond the jurisdiction of the four castes--in other words, an untouchable--is immediately relieved of bondage to material existence if he utters the holy name of the Lord even once.

> > *******

> > TEXT 36

> > sa evam aparimita-bala-parâkrama ekadâ tu devarsi-

> > caranânusayanânu-patita-guna-visarga-samsargenânirvrtam

> > ivâtmânam manyamâna âtma-nirveda idam âha.

> > sah--he (Mahârâja Priyavrata); evam--thus; aparimita--unparalleled; bala--strength; parâkramah--whose influence; ekadâ--once upon a time; tu--then; deva-rsi--of the great saint Nârada; carana-anusayana--surrendering unto the lotus feet; anu--thereafter; patita--fallen down; guna-visarga--with material affairs (created by the three material modes of nature); samsargena--by connection; anirvrtam--not satisfied; iva--like; âtmânam--himself; manyamânah--thinking like that; âtma--self; nirvedah--possessing renunciation; idam--this; âha--said.

> > TRANSLATION

> > While enjoying his material opulences with full strength and influence, Maharaja Priyavrata once began to consider that although he had fully surrendered to the great saint Narada and was actually on the path of Krsna consciousness, he had somehow become again entangled in material activities. Thus his mind now became restless, and he began to speak in a spirit of renunciation.

> > *******

> > TEXT 37

> > aho asâdhv anusthitam yad abhinivesito 'ham indriyair avidyâ-racita-

> > visama-visayândha-kûpe tad alam alam amusyâ vanitâyâ vinoda-

> > mrgam mâm dhig dhig iti garhayâm cakâra.

> > aho--alas; asâdhu--not good; anusthitam--executed; yat--because; abhinivesitah--being completely absorbed; aham--I; indriyaih--for sense gratification; avidyâ--by nescience; racita--made; visama--causing distress; visaya--sense gratification; andha-kûpe--in the dark well; tat--that; alam--insignificant; alam--of no importance; amusyâh--of that; vanitâyâh--wife; vinoda-mrgam--just like a dancing monkey; mâm--unto me; dhik--all condemnation; dhik--all condemnation; iti--thus; garhayâm--criticism; cakâra--he did.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The King thus began criticizing himself: Alas, how condemned I have become because of my sense gratification! I have now fallen into material enjoyment, which is exactly like a covered well. I have had enough! I am not going to enjoy any more. Just see how I have become like a dancing monkey in the hands of my wife. Because of this, I am condemned.

> > *******

> > TEXT 38

> > para-devatâ-prasâdâdhigatâtma-pratyavamarsenânupravrttebhyah

> > putrebhya imâm yathâ-dâyam vibhajya bhukta-bhogâm ca mahisîm

> > mrtakam iva saha mahâ-vibhûtim apahâya svayam nihita-nirvedo hrdi

> > grhîta-hari-vihârânubhâvo bhagavato nâradasya padavîm punar

> > evânusasâra.

> > para-devatâ--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; prasâda--by the mercy; adhigata--obtained; âtma-pratyavamarsena--by self-realization; anupravrttebhyah--who exactly follow his path; putrebhyah--unto his sons; imâm--this earth; yâtha-dâyam--exactly according to the inheritance; vibhajya--dividing; bhukta-bhogâm--whom he enjoyed in so many ways; ca--also; mahisîm--the Queen; mrtakam iva--exactly like a dead body; saha--with; mahâ-vibhûtim--great opulence; apahâya--giving up; svayam--himself; nihita--perfectly taken to; nirvedah--renunciation; hrdi--in the heart; grhîta--accepted; hari--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vihâra--pastimes; anubhâvah--in such an attitude; bhagavatah--of the great saintly person; nâradasya--of Saint Nârada; padavîm--position; punah--again; eva--certainly; anusasâra--began to follow.

> > TRANSLATION

> > By the grace of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Maharaja Priyavrata reawakened to his senses. He divided all his earthly possessions among his obedient sons. He gave up everything, including his wife, with whom he had enjoyed so much sense gratification, and his great and opulent kingdom, and he completely renounced all attachment. His heart, having been cleansed, became a place of pastimes for the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus he was able to return to the path of Krsna consciousness, spiritual life, and resume the position he had attained by the grace of the great saint Narada.

> > *******

> > TEXT 39

> > tasya ha vâ ete slokâh--

> > priyavrata-krtam karma

> > ko nu kuryâd vinesvaram

> > yo nemi-nimnair akaroc

> > châyâm ghnan sapta vâridhîn

> > tasya--his; ha vâ--certainly; ete--all these; slokâh--verses; priyavrata--by King Priyavrata; krtam--done; karma--activities; kah--who; nu--then; kuryât--can execute; vinâ--without; îsvaram--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; yah--one who; nemi--of the rim of the wheels of his chariot; nimnaih--by the depressions; akarot--made; châyâm--darkness; ghnan--dissipating; sapta--seven; vâridhîn--oceans.

> > TRANSLATION

> > There are many famous verses regarding Maharaja Priyavrata's activities:

> > "No one but the Supreme Personality of Godhead could do what Maharaja Priyavrata has done. Maharaja Priyavrata dissipated the darkness of night, and with the rims of his great chariot, he excavated seven oceans."

> > *******

> > TEXT 40

> > bhû-samsthânam krtam yena

> > sarid-giri-vanâdibhih

> > sîmâ ca bhûta-nirvrtyai

> > dvîpe dvîpe vibhâgasah

> > bhû-samsthânam--the situation of the earth; krtam--done; yena--by whom; sarit--by rivers; giri--by hills and mountains; vana-âdibhih--by forests and so on; sîmâ--boundaries; ca--also; bhûta--of different nations; nirvrtyai--to stop fighting; dvîpe dvîpe--on the various islands; vibhâgasah--separately.

> > TRANSLATION

> > "To stop the quarreling among different peoples, Maharaja Priyavrata marked boundaries at rivers and at the edges of mountains and forests so that no one would trespass upon another's property."

> > *******

> > TEXT 41

> > bhaumam divyam mânusam ca

> > mahitvam karma-yogajam

> > yas cakre nirayaupamyam

> > purusânujana-priyah

> > bhaumam--of the lower planets; divyam--heavenly; mânusam--of human beings; ca--also; mahitvam--all opulences; karma--by fruitive activities; yoga--by mystic power; jam--born; yah--one who; cakre--did; niraya--with hell; aupamyam--comparison or equality; purusa--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; anujana--to the devotee; priyah--most dear.

> > TRANSLATION

> > "As a great follower and devotee of the sage Narada, Maharaja Priyavrata considered hellish the opulences he had achieved by dint of fruitive activities and mystic power, whether in the lower or heavenly planetary systems or in human society."

> > Back to the running text