> Srimad Bhagavatam - Canto 5
> Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
> (for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)

> Canto 5

> **************

> Chapter Fifteen: The Glories of the Descendents of King Pryavrata

> In this chapter the descendants of Bharata Maharaja and many other kings are described. The son of Maharaja Bharata was named Sumati. He followed the path of liberation given by Rsabhadeva. Some people mistakenly thought Sumati to be the direct incarnation of Lord Buddha. The son of Sumati was Devatajit, and his son was Devadyumna. Devadyumna's son was Paramesthi, and his son was Pratiha. Pratiha was a very great devotee of Lord Visnu, and he had three sons, named Pratiharta, Prastota and Udgata. Pratiharta had two sons, Aja and Bhuma. The son of Bhuma was Udgitha, and the son of Udgitha was Prastava. The son of Prastava was Vibhu, and the son of Vibhu was Prthusena, whose son was Nakta. The wife of Nakta, Druti, gave birth to Gaya, who was a very famous and saintly king. Actually King Gaya was a partial incarnation of Lord Visnu, and because of his great devotion to Lord Visnu he received the title Mahapurusa. King Gaya had sons named Citraratha, Sumati and Avarodhana. The son of Citraratha was the emperor Samrat, and his son was Marici, whose son was Bindu. Bindu's son was Madhu, and Madhu's son was Viravrata. Viravrata's two sons were Manthu and Pramanthu, and the son of Manthu was Bhauvana. The son of Bhauvana was Tvasta, and the son of Tvasta was Viraja, who glorified the whole dynasty. Viraja had one hundred sons and one daughter. Of these, the son named Satajit became very famous.

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> TEXT 1

> srî-suka uvâca

> bharatasyâtmajah sumatir nâmâbhihito yam u ha vâva kecit

> pâkhandina rsabha-padavîm anuvartamânam cânâryâ

> aveda-samâmnâtâm devatâm sva-manîsayâ pâpîyasyâ kalau kalpayisyanti.

> srî-sukah uvâca--Srî Sukadeva Gosvâmî continued to speak; bharatasya--of Bharata Mahârâja; âtma jah--the son; sumatih nâma-abhihitah--named Sumati; yam--unto whom; u ha vâva--indeed; kecit--some; pâkhandinah--atheists, men without Vedic knowledge; rsabha-padavîm--the path of King Rsabhadeva; anuvartamânam--following; ca--and; anâryâh--not belonging to the Âryans who strictly follow the Vedic principles; aveda-samâmnâtâm--not enumerated in the Vedas; devatâm--to be Lord Buddha or a similar Buddhist deity; sva-manîsayâ--by their own mental speculation; pâpîyasyâ--most sinful; kalau--in this age of Kali; kalpayisyanti--will imagine.

> TRANSLATION

> Srila Sukadeva Gosvami continued: The son of Maharaja Bharata known as Sumati followed the path of Rsabhadeva, but some unscrupulous people imagined him to be Lord Buddha himself. These people, who were actually atheistic and of bad character, took up the Vedic principles in an imaginary, infamous way to support their activities. Thus these sinful people accepted Sumati as Lord Buddhadeva and propagated the theory that everyone should follow the principles of Sumati. In this way they were carried away by mental concoction.

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> TEXT 2

> tasmâd vrddhasenâyâm devatâjin-nâma putro 'bhavat.

> tasmât--from Sumati; vrddha-senâyâm--in the womb of his wife, named Vrddhasenâ; devatâjit-nâma--named Devatâjit; putrah--a son; abhavat--was born.

> TRANSLATION

> From Sumati, a son named Devatajit was born by the womb of his wife named Vrddhasena.

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> TEXT 3

> athâsuryâm tat-tanayo devadyumnas tato dhenumatyâm sutah

> paramesthî tasya suvarcalâyâm pratîha upajâtah.

> atha--thereafter; âsuryâm--in the womb of his wife, named Âsurî; tat-tanayah--one son of Devatâjit; deva-dyumnah--named Devadyumna; tatah--from Devabhyumna; dhenu-matyâm--in the womb of Dhenumatî, the wife of Devadyumna; sutah--one son; paramesthî--named Paramesthî; tasya--of Paramesthî; suvarcalâyâm--in the womb of his wife, named Suvarcalâ; patrîhah--the son named Pratîha; upajâtah--appeared.

> TRANSLATION

> Thereafter, in the womb of Asuri, the wife of Devatajit, a son named Devadyumna was begotten. Devadyumna begot in the womb of his wife, Dhenumati, a son named Paramesthi. Paramesthi begot a son named Pratiha in the womb of his wife, Suvarcala.

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> TEXT 4

> ya âtma-vidyâm âkhyâya svayam samsuddho mahâ-purusam

> anusasmâra.

> yah--who (King Pratîha); âtma-vidyâm âkhyâya--after instructing many people about self-realization; svayam--personally; samsuddhah--being very advanced and purified in self-realization; mahâ-purusam--the Supreme personality of Godhead, Visnu; anusasmâra--perfectly understood and always remembered.

> TRANSLATION

> King Pratiha personally propagated the principles of self-realization. In this way, not only was he purified, but he became a great devotee of the Supreme Person, Lord Visnu, and directly realized Him.

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> TEXT 5

> pratîhât suvarcalâyâm pratihartrâdayas traya âsann ijyâ-kovidâh

> sûnavah pratihartuh stutyâm aja-bhûmânâv ajanisâtâm.

> pratîhât--from King Pratîha; suvarcalâyâm--in the womb of his wife, named Suvarcalâ; pratihartr-âdayah trayah--the three sons Pratihartâ, Prastotâ and Udgâtâ; âsan--came into being; ijyâ-kovidâh--who were all very expert in the ritualistic ceremonies of the Vedas; sûnavah--sons; pratihartuh--from Pratihartâ; stutyâm--in the womb of Stutî, his wife; aja-bhûmânau--the two sons Aja and Bhûmâ; ajanisâtâm--were brought into existence.

> TRANSLATION

> In the womb of his wife Suvarcala, Pratiha begot three sons, named Pratiharta, Prastota and Udgata. These three sons were very expert in performing Vedic rituals. Pratiharta begot two sons, named Aja and Bhuma, in the womb of his wife, named Stuti.

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> TEXT 6

> bhûmna rsikulyâyâm udgîthas tatah prastâvo devakulyâyâm prastâvân

> niyutsâyâm hrdayaja âsîd vibhur vibho ratyâm ca prthusenas tasmân

> nakta âkûtyâm jajne naktâd druti-putro gayo râjarsi-pravara udâra-

> sravâ ajâyata sâksâd bhagavato visnorjagad-riraksisayâ grhîta-

> sattvasya kalâtmavattvâdi-laksanena mahâ-purusatâm prâptah.

> bhûmnah--from King Bhûmâ; rsi-kulyâyâm--in the womb of his wife, named Rsikulyâ; udgîthah--the son named Udgîtha; tatah--again from King Udgîtha; prastâvah--the son named Prastâva; deva-kulyâyâm--his wife, named Devakulyâ; prastâvât--from King Prastâva; niyutsâyâm--in his wife, named Niyutsâ; hrdaya-jah--the son; âsît--was begotten; vibhuh--named Vibhu; vibhoh--from King Vibhu; ratyâm--in his wife, named Ratî; ca--also; prthu-senah--named Prthusena; tasmât--from him (King Prthusena); naktah--a son named Nakta; âkûtyâm--in his wife, named Âkûtî; jajne--was begotten; naktât--from King Nakta; druti-putrah--a son in the womb of Druti; gayah--named King Gaya; râja-rsi-pravarah--most exalted among the saintly royal order; udâra-sravâh--famous as a very pious king; ajâyata--was born; sâksât bhagavatah--of the Supreme personality of Godhead directly; visnoh--of Lord Visnu; jagat-rirak-sisayâ--for the purpose of giving protection to the whole world; grhîta--who is conceived; sattvasya--in the suddha-sattva qualities; kalâ-âtma-vattva-âdi--of being a direct incarnation of the Lord; laksanena--by symptoms; mahâ-purusatâm--the chief quality of being the leader of the human society (exactly like the chief leader of all living beings, Lord Visnu); prâptah--achieved.

> TRANSLATION

> In the womb of his wife, Rsikulya, King Bhuma begot a son named Udgitha. From Udgitha's wife, Devakulya, a son named Prastava was born, and Prastava begot a son named Vibhu through his wife, Niyutsa. In the womb of his wife, Rati, Vibhu begot a son named Prthusena. Prthusena begot a son named Nakta in the womb of his wife, named Akuti. Nakta's wife was Druti, and from her womb the great King Gaya was born. Gaya was very famous and pious; he was the best of saintly kings. Lord Visnu and His expansions, who are meant to protect the universe, are always situated in the transcendental mode of goodness, known as visuddha-sattva. Being the direct expansion of Lord Visnu, King Gaya was also situated in the visuddha-sattva. Because of this, Maharaja Gaya was fully equipped with transcendental knowledge. Therefore he was called Mahapurusa.

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> TEXT 7

> sa vai sva-dharmena prajâ-pâlana-posana-prînanopalâlanânusâsana-

> laksanenejyâdinâ ca bhagavati mahâ-puruse parâvare brahmani

> sarvâtmanârpita-paramârtha-laksanena brahmavic-

> caranânusevayâpâdita-bhagavad-bhakti-yogena câbhîksnasah

> paribhâvitâti-suddha-matir uparatânâtmya âtmani svayam

> upalabhyamâna-brahmâtmânubhavo 'pi nirabhimâna evâvanim

> ajûgupat.

> sah--that King Gaya; vai--indeed; sva-dharmena--by his own duty; prajâ-pâlana--of protecting the subjects; posana--of maintaining them; prînana--of making them happy in all respects; upalâlana--of treating them as sons; anusâsana--of sometimes chastising them for their mistakes; laksanena--by the symptoms of a king; ijyâ-âdinâ--by performing the ritualistic ceremonies as recommended in the Vedas; ca--also; bhagavati--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Visnu; mahâ-puruse--the chief of all living entities; para-avare--the source of all living entities, from the highest, Lord Brahmâ, to the lowest, like the insignificant ants; brahmani--unto parabrahman, the Supreme personality of Godhead, Vâsudeva; sarva-âtmanâ--in all respects; arpita--of being surrendered; parama-artha-laksanena--with spiritual symptoms; brahma-vit--of self-realized, saintly devotees; carana-anusevayâ--by the service of the lotus feet; âpâdita--achieved; bhagavat-bhakti-yogena--by the practice of devotional service to the Lord; ca--also; abhîksnasah--continuously; paribhâvita--saturated; ati-suddha-matih--whose completely pure consciousness (full realization that the body and mind are separate from the soul); uparata-anâtmye--wherein identification with material things was stopped; âtmani--in his own self; svayam--personally; upalabhyamâna--being realized; brahma-âtma-anubhavah--perception of his own position as the Supreme Spirit; api--although; nirabhimânah--without false prestige; eva--in this way; avanim--the whole world; ajûgupat--ruled strictly according to the Vedic principles.

> TRANSLATION

> King Gaya gave full protection and security to the citizens so that their personal property would not be disturbed by undesirable elements. He also saw that there was sufficient food to feed all the citizens. [This is called posana.] He would sometimes distribute gifts to the citizens to satisfy them. [This is called prinana.] He would sometimes call meetings and satisfy the citizens with sweet words. [This is called upalalana.] He would also give them good instructions on how to become first-class citizens. [This is called anusasana.] Such were the characteristics of King Gaya's royal order. Besides all this, King Gaya was a householder who strictly observed the rules and regulations of household life. He performed sacrifices and was an unalloyed pure devotee of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He was called Mahapurusa because as a king he gave the citizens all facilities, and as a householder he executed all his duties so that at the end he became a strict devotee of the Supreme Lord. As a devotee, he was always ready to give respect to other devotees and to engage in the devotional service of the Lord. This is the bhakti-yoga process. Due to all these transcendental activites, King Gaya was always free from the bodily conception. He was full in Brahman realization, and consequently he was always jubilant. He did not experience material lamentation. Although he was perfect in all respects, he was not proud, nor was he anxious to rule the kingdom.

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> TEXT 8

> tasyemâm gâthâm pândaveya purâvida upagâyanti.

> tasya--of King Gaya; imâm--these; gâthâm--poetic verses of glorification; pândaveya--O Mahârâja Parîksit; purâ-vidah--those learned in the historical events of the Purânas; upagâyanti--sing.

> TRANSLATION

> My dear King Pariksit, those who are learned scholars in the histories of the Puranas eulogize and glorify King Gaya with the following verses.

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> TEXT 9

> gayam nrpah kah pratiyâti karmabhir

> yajvâbhimânî bahuvid dharma-goptâ

> samâgata-srîh sadasas-patih satâm

> sat-sevako 'nyo bhagavat-kalâm rte

> gayam--King Gaya; nrpah--king; kah--who; pratiyâti--is a match for; karmabhih--by his execution of ritualistic ceremonies; yajvâ--who performed all sacrifices; abhimânî--so widely respected all over the world; bahu-vit--fully aware of the conclusion of Vedic literature; dharma-goptâ--protector of the occupational duties of everyone; samâgata-srîh--possessing all kinds of opulence; sadasah-patih satâm--the dean of the assembly of great persons; sat-sevakah--servant of the devotees; anyah--anyone else; bhagavat-kalâm--the plenary incarnation of the Supreme personality of Godhead; rte--besides.

> TRANSLATION

> The great King Gaya used to perform all kinds of Vedic rituals. He was highly intelligent and expert in studying all the Vedic literatures. He maintained the religious principles and possessed all kinds of opulence. He was a leader among gentlemen and a servant of the devotees. He was a totally qualified plenary expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore who could equal him in the performance of gigantic ritualistic ceremonies?

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> TEXT 10

> yam abhyasincan parayâ mudâ satîh

> satyâsiso daksa-kanyâh saridbhih

> yasya prajânâm duduhe dharâsiso

> nirâsiso guna-vatsa-snutodhâh

> yam--whom; abhyasincan--bathed; parayâ--with great; mudâ--satisfaction; satîh--all chaste and devoted to their husbands; satya--true; âsisah--whose blessings; daksa-kanyâh--the daughters of King Daksa; saridbhih--with sanctified water; yasya--whose; prajânâm--of the citizens; duduhe--fulfilled; dharâ--the planet earth; âsisah--of all desires; nirâsisah--although personally having no desire; guna-vatsa-snuta-udhâh--earth becoming like a cow whose udders flowed upon seeing Gaya's qualities in ruling over the citizens.

> TRANSLATION

> All the chaste and honest daughters of Maharaja Daksa, such as Sraddha, Maitri and Daya, whose blessings were always effective, bathed Maharaja Gaya with sanctified water. Indeed, they were very satisfied with Maharaja Gaya. The planet earth personified came as a cow, and, as though she saw her calf, she delivered milk profusely when she saw all the good qualities of Maharaja Gaya. In other words, Maharaja Gaya was able to derive all benefits from the earth and thus satisfy the desires of his citizens. However, he personally had no desire.

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> TEXT 11

> chandâmsy akâmasya ca yasya kâmân

> dudûhur âjahrur atho balim nrpâh

> pratyancitâ yudhi dharmena viprâ

> yadâsisâm sastham amsam paretya

> chandâmsi--all the different parts of the Vedas; akâmasya--of one who has no desire for personal sense gratification; ca--also; yasya--whose; kâmân--all desirables; dudûhuh--yielded; âjahruh--offered; atho--thus; balim--presentation; nrpâh--all the kings; pratyancitâh--being satisfied by his fighting in opposition; yudhi--in the war; dharmena--by religious principles; viprâh--all the brâhmanas; yadâ--when; âsisâm--of blessings; sastham amsam--one sixth; paretya--in the next life.

> TRANSLATION

> Although King Gaya had no personal desire for sense gratification, all his desires were fulfilled by virtue of his performance of Vedic rituals. All the kings with whom Maharaja Gaya had to fight were forced to fight on religious principles. They were very satisfied with his fighting, and they would present all kinds of gifts to him. Similarly, all the brahmanas in his kingdom were very satisfied with King Gaya's munificent charities. Consequently the brahmanas contributed a sixth of their pious activities for King Gaya's benefit in the next life.

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> TEXT 12

> yasyâdhvare bhagavân adhvarâtmâ

> maghoni mâdyaty uru-soma-pîthe

> sraddhâ-visuddhâcala-bhakti-yoga-

> samarpitejyâ-phalam âjahara

> yasya--of whom (King Gaya); adhvare--in his different sacrifices; bhagavân--the Supreme personality of Godhead; adhvara-âtmâ--the supreme enjoyer of all sacrifices, the yajna-purusa; maghoni--when King Indra; mâdyati--intoxicated; uru--greatly; soma-pîthe--drinking the intoxicant called soma; sraddhâ--by devotion; visuddha--purified; acala--and steady; bhakti-yoga--by devotional service; samarpita--offered; ijyâ--of worshiping; phalam--the result; âjahâra--accepted personally.

> TRANSLATION

> In Maharaja Gaya's sacrifices, there was a great supply of the intoxicant known as soma. King Indra used to come and become intoxicated by drinking large quantities of soma-rasa. Also, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Visnu [the yajna-purusa] also came and personally accepted all the sacrifices offered unto Him with pure and firm devotion in the sacrificial arena.

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> TEXT 13

> yat-prînanad barhisi deva-tiryan-

> manusya-vîrut-trnam âvirincât

> prîyeta sadyah sa ha visva jîvah

> prîtah svayam prîtim agâd gayasya

> yat-prînanât--because of pleasing the Supreme personality of Godhead; barhisi--in the sacrificial arena; deva-tiryak--the demigods and lower animals; manusya--human society; vîrut--the plants and trees; trnam--the grass; â-virincât--beginning from Lord Brahmâ; priyeta--becomes satisfied; sadyah--immediately; sah--that Supreme personality of Godhead; ha--indeed; visva jîvah--maintains the living entities all over the universe; prîtah--although naturally satisfied; svayam--personally; prîtim--satisfaction; agât--he obtained; gayasya--of Mahârâja Gaya.

> TRANSLATION

> When the Supreme Lord is pleased by a person's actions, automatically all the demigods, human beings, animals, birds, bees, creepers, trees, grass and all other living entities, beginning with Lord Brahma, are pleased. The Supreme Personality of Godhead is the Supersoul of everyone, and He is by nature fully pleased. Nonetheless, He came to the arena of Maharaja Gaya and said, "I am fully pleased."

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> TEXT 14-15

> gayâd gayantyâm citrarathah sugatir avarodhana iti trayah putrâ

> babhûvus citrarathâd ûrnâyâm samrâd ajanista. tata utkalâyâm marî-

> cir marîcer bindumatyâm bindum ânudapadyata tasmât saraghâ-

> yâm madhur nâmâbhavan madhoh sumanasi vîravratas tato bhojâ-

> yâm manthu-pramanthû jajnâte manthoh satyâyâm bhauvanas tato

> dûsanâyâm tvastâjanista tvastur virocanâyâm virajo virajasya satajit-

> pravaram putra-satam kanyâ ca visûcyâm kila jâtam.

> gayât--from Mahârâja Gaya; gayantyâm--in his wife, named Gayantî; citra-rathah--named Citraratha; sugatih--named Sugati; avarodhanah--named Avarodhana; iti--thus; trayah--three; putrâh--sons; babhûvuh--were born; citrarathât--from Citraratha; ûrnâyâm--in the womb of Ûrnâ; samrât--named Samrât; ajanista--was born; tatah--from him; utkalâyâm--in his wife named Utkalâ; marîcih--named Marîci; marîceh--from Marîci; bindu-matyâm--in the womb of his wife Bindumatî; bindum--a son named Bindu; ânudapadyata--was born; tasmât--from him; saraghâyâm--in the womb of his wife Saraghâ; madhuh--Madhu; nâma--named; abhavat--was born; madhoh--from Mahdu; sumanasi--in the womb of his wife, Sumanâ; vîra-vratah--a son named Vîravrata; tatah--from Vîravrata; bhojâyâm--in the womb of his wife Bhojâ; manthu-pramanthû--two sons named Manthu and Pramanthu; jajnâte--were born; manthoh--from Manthu; satyâyâm--in his wife, Satyâ; bhauvanah--a son named Bhauvana; tatah--from him; dûsanâyâm--in the womb of his wife Dûsanâ; tvastâ--one son named Tvastâ; ajanista--was born; tvastuh--from Tvastâ; virocanâyâm--in his wife named Virocanâ; virajah--a son named Viraja; virajasya--of King Viraja; satajit-pravaram--headed by Satajit; putra-satam--one hundred sons; kanyâ--a daughter; ca--also; visûcyâm--in his wife Visûci; kila--indeed; jâtam--took birth.

> TRANSLATION

> In the womb of Gayanti, Maharaja Gaya begot three sons, named Citraratha, Sugati and Avarodhana. In the womb of his wife Urna, Citraratha begot a son named Samrat. The wife of Samrat was Utkala, and in her womb Samrat begot a son named Marici. In the womb of his wife Bindumati, Marici begot a son named Bindu. In the womb of his wife Saragha, Bindu begot a son named Madhu. In the womb of his wife named Sumana, Madhu begot a son named Viravrata. In the womb of his wife Bhoja, Viravrata begot two sons named Manthu and Pramanthu. In the womb of his wife Satya, Manthu begot a son named Bhauvana, and in the womb of his wife Dusana, Bhauvana begot a son named Tvasta. In the womb of his wife Virocana, Tvasta begot a son named Viraja. The wife of Viraja was Visuci, and in her womb Viraja begot one hundred sons and one daughter. Of all these sons, the son named Satajit was predominant.

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> TEXT 16

> tatrâyam slokah--

> praiyavratam vamsam imam

> virajas caramodbhavah

> akarod aty-alam kîrtyâ

> visnuh sura-ganam yathâ

> tatra--in that connection; ayam slokah--there is this famous verse; praiyavratam--coming from King Priyavrata; vamsam--the dynasty; imam--this; virajah--King Viraja; carama-udbhavah--the source of one hundred sons (headed by Satajit); akarot--decorated; ati-alam--very greatly; kîrtyâ--by his reputation; visnuh--Lord Visnu, the Supreme Personality of Godhead; sura-ganam--the demigods; yathâ--just as.

> TRANSLATION

> There is a famous verse about King Viraja. "Because of his high qualities and wide fame, King Viraja became the jewel of the dynasty of King Priyavrata, just as Lord Visnu, by His transcendental potency, decorates and blesses the demigods."

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