> > Srimad Bhagavatam - Canto 3
> > Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
> > (for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)

> > Canto 3 Part 1

> > **************

> > Chapter Twelve: Creation of the Kumâras and Others

> > ******

> > TEXT 1

> > maitreya uvaca

> > iti te varnitah ksattah

> > halakhyah paramatmanah

> > mahima veda-garbho 'tha

> > yathasraksin nibodha me

> > maitreyah uvaca: Sri Maitreya said; iti: thus; te: unto you; varnitah: described; ksattah: O Vidura; hala-akhyah: by the name eternal time; paramatmanah: of the Supersoul; mahima: glories; veda-garbhah: Lord Brahma, the reservoir of the Vedas; atha: hereafter; yatha: as it is; asraksit: did create; nibodha: just try to understand; me: from me.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Maitreya said: O learned Vidura, so far I have explained to you the glories of the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead in His feature of kala. Now you can hear from me about the creation of Brahma, the reservoir of all Vedic knowledge

> > ******

> > TEXT 2

> > sasarjagre 'ndha-tamisram

> > atha tamisram adi-krt

> > mahamoham ca moham ca

> > tamas cajnana-vrttayah

> > sasarja: created; agre: at first; andha-tamisram: the sense of death; atha: then; tamisram: anger upon frustration; adi-krt: all these; maha-moham: ownership of enjoyable objects; ca: also; moham: illusory conception; ca: also; tamah: darkness in self-knowledge; ca: as well as; ajnana: nescience; vrttayah: engagements.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahma first created the nescient engagements like self-deception, the sense of death, anger after frustration, the sense of false ownership, and the illusory bodily conception, or forgetfulness of one's real identity.

> > ******

> > TEXT 3

> > drstva papiyasim srstim

> > natmanam bahv amanyata

> > bhagavad-dhyana-putena

> > manasanyam tato 'srjat

> > drstva: by seeing; papiyasim: sinful; srstim: creation; na: did not; atmanam: unto Himself; bahu: much pleasure; amanyata: felt; bhagavat: on the Personality of Godhead; dhyana: meditation; putena: purified by that; manasa: by such a mentality; anyam: another; tatah: thereafter; asrjat: created.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Seeing such a misleading creation as a sinful task, Brahma did not feel much pleasure in his activity, and therefore he purified himself by meditation on the Personality of Godhead. Then he began another term of creation.

> > ******

> > TEXT 4

> > sanakam ca sanandam ca

> > sanatanam athamabhuh

> > sanat-kumaram ca munin

> > niskriyan urdhva-retasah

> > sanakam: Sanaka; ca: also; sanandam: Sananda; ca: and; sanatanam: Sanatana; atha: thereafter; atma-bhuh: Brahma, who is self-born; sanat-kumaram: Sanat-kumara; ca: also; munin: the great sages; niskriyan: free from all fruitive action; urdhva-resasah: those whose semen flows upwards.

> > TRANSLATION

> > In the beginning, Brahmâ created four great sages named Sanaka, Sananda, Sanâtana and Sanat-kumâra. All of them were unwilling to adopt materialistic activities because they were highly elevated due to their semen's flowing upwards.

> > ******

> > TEXT 5

> > tan babhase svabhuh putran

> > prajah srjata putrakah

> > tan naicchan moksa-dharmano

> > vasudeva-parayanah

> > tan: unto the Kumaras, as above mentioned; babhase: addressed; svabhuh: Brahma; putran: unto the sons; prajah: generations; srjata: to create; putrakah: O my sons; tat: that; na: not; aicchan: desired; moksa-dharmanah: pledged to the principles of liberation; vasudeva: the Personality of Godhead; parayanah: who are so devoted.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahmâ spoke to his sons after generating them. "My dear sons," he said, "now generate progeny." But due to their being attached to Vasudeva, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, they aimed at liberation, and therefore they expressed their unwillingness.

> > ******

> > TEXT 6

> > so 'vadhyatah sutair evam

> > pratyakyatanusanaih

> > krodham durvisaham jatam

> > niyatum upacakrame

> > sah: he (Brahma); evadyatah: thus being disrespected; sutaih: by the sons; evam: thus; pratyakhyata: refusing to obey; anusasanaih: the order of their father; krodham: anger; durvisaham: too much to be tolerated; jatam: thus generated; nityantum: to control; upacakrame: tried his best.

> > TRANSLATION

> > On the refusal of the sons to obey the order of their father, there was much anger generated in the mind of Brahmâ, which he tried to control and not express.

> > ******

> > TEXT 7

> > dhiya nigrhyamano 'pi

> > bhruvor madhyat prajapteh

> > sadyo 'jayata tan-manyuh

> > kumaro nila-lohitah

> > dhiya: by intelligence; nigrhyamanah: being controlled; api: in spite of; bhruvoh: of the eyebrows; madhyat: from between; prajapateh: of Brahma; sadyah: at once; ajayata: generated; tat: his; manyuh: anger; kumarah: a child; nila-lohitah: mixture of blue and red.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Although he tried to curb his anger, it came out from between his eyebrows, and a child mixed blue and red was immediately generated.

> > ******

> > TEXT 8

> > sa vai ruroda devanam

> > purvajo bhagavan bhavah

> > namani kuru me dhatah

> > sthanani ca jagad-guro

> > sah: he; vai: certainly; ruroda: cried loudly; devanam purvajah: the eldest of all demigods; bhagavan: the most powerful; bhavah: Lord Siva; namani: different names; kuru: designate; me: my; dhatah: O destiny maker; sthanani: places; ca: also; jagat-guro: O teacher of the universe.

> > TRANSLATION

> > After his birth he began to cry: O destiny maker, teacher of the universe, kindly designate my name and place.

> > ******

> > TEXT 9

> > iti tasya vacah padmo

> > bhagavan paripalayan

> > abhyadhad bhadraya vaca

> > ma rodis tat karomi te

> > iti: thus; tasya: his; vacah: request; padmah: one who is born from the lotus flower; bhagavan: the powerful; paripalayan: accepting the request; abhyadhat: pacified; bhadraya: by gentle; vaca: words; ma: do not; rodih: cry; tat: that; karomi: I shall do it; te: as desired by you.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The all-powerful Brahma, who was born from the lotus flower, pacified the boy with gentle words, accepting his request, and said: Do not cry. I shall certainly do as you desire

> > ******

> > TEXT 10

> > yad arodih sura-srestha

> > sodvega iva balakah

> > tatas tvam abhidhasyanti

> > namna rudra iti prajah

> > yat: as much as; arodih: cried loudly; sura-srestha: O chief of the demigods; sa-udvegah: with great anxiety; iva: like; halakah: a boy; tatah: therefore; tvam: you; abhidhasyanti: will call; namna: by the name; rudrah: Rudra; iti: thus; prajah: people.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter Brahmâ said: O chief of the demigods, you shall be called by the name Rudra by all people because you have so anxiously cried.

> > ******

> > TEXT 11

> > hrd indriyany asur vyoma

> > vayur agnir jalam mahi

> > suryas candras tapas caiva

> > sthanany agre krtani te

> > hrt: the heart; indriyani: the senses; asuh: life air; vyoma: the sky; vayuh: the air; agnih: fire; jalam: water; mahi: the earth; suryah: the sun; candrah: the moon; tapah: austerity; ca: as well as; eva: certainly; sthanani: all these places; agre: hereinbefore; krtani: already made; te: for you.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear boy, I have already selected the following places for your residence: the heart, the senses, the air of life, the sky, the air, the fire, the water, the earth, the sun, the moon and austerity.

> > ******

> > TEXT 12

> > manyur manur mahinas

> > mahan chiva rtadhvajah

> > ugrareta bhavah kalo

> > vamadevo dhrtavratah

> > manyuh, manuh, mahinasah, mahan, sivah, rtadhvajah, ugaretah, bhavah, kalah, vamadevah, dhrtavratah: all names of Rudra.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lord Brahma said: My dear boy Rudra, you have eleven other names: Manyu, Manu, Mahinasa, Mahan, Siva, Rtadhvaja, Ugrareta, Bhava, Kala, Vamadeva and Dhrtavrata

> > ******

> > TEXT 13

> > dhir dhrti-rasaloma ca

> > niyut sarpir ilambiha

> > iravati svadha diksa

> > rudranyo rudra te striyah

> > dhih, dhrti, rasala, uma, niyut, sarpih, ila, ambiha, iravati, svadha, diksa rudranyah: the eleven Rudranis; rudra: O Rudra; te: unto you; striyah: wives.

> > TRANSLATION

> > O Rudra, you also have eleven wives, called the Rudranis, and they are as follows: Dhi, Dhrti, Rasala, Uma, Niyut, Sarpi, Ila, Ambika, Iravati, Svadha and Diksa

> > ******

> > TEXT 14

> > grhanaitani namani

> > sthanani ca sa-yosanah

> > ebhih srja praja bahvih

> > prajanam asi yat patih

> > grhana: just accept; etani: all these; namani: different names; sthanani: as well as places; ca: also; sa-yosanah: along with wives; ebhih: with them; srja: just generate; prajah: progeny; bahvih: on a large scale; prajanam: of the living entities; asi: you are; yat: since; patih: the master.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear boy, you may now accept all the names and places designated for you and your different wives, and since you are now one of the masters of the living entities, you may increase the population on a large scale.

> > ******

> > TEXT 15

> > ity adistah sva-guruna

> > bhagavan nila-lohitah

> > sattvakrti-svabhavena

> > sasarjatma-samah prajah

> > iti: thus; adistah: being ordered; sva-guruna: by his own spiritual master; bhagavan: the most powerful; nila-lohitah: Rudra; whose color is mixed blue and red; sattva: power; akrti: bodily features; svabhavena: and with a very furious mode of nature; sasarja: created; atma-samah: like his own prototype; prajah: generations.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The most powerful Rudra, whose bodily color was blue mixed with red, created many offspring exactly resembling him in features, strength and furious nature

> > ******

> > TEXT 16

> > rudranam rudra-srstanam

> > samantad grasatam jagat

> > nisamyasankhyaso yuthan

> > prajapatir asankata

> > rudranam: of the sons of Rudra; rudra-srstam: who were generated by Rudra; samantat: being assembled together; grasatam: while devouring; jagat: the universe; nisamya: by observing their activities; asankhyasah: unlimited; yuthan: assembly; praja-patih: the father of the living entities; asankata: became afraid of.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The sons and grandsons generated by Rudra were unlimited in number, and when they assembled together they attempted to devour the entire universe. When Brahma, the father of the living entities, saw this, he became afraid of the situation.

> > ******

> > TEXT 17

> > alam prajabhih srstabhir

> > idrsibhih surottama

> > maya saha dahantibhir

> > disas caksurbhir ulbanaih

> > alam: unnecessary; prajabhih: by such living entities; srstabhih: generated; idrsibhih: of this type; sura-uttama: O best among the demigods; maya: me; saha: along with; dahantibhih: who are burning; disah: all sides; caksurbhih: by the eyes; ulbanaih: fiery flames.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahmâ told Rudra: O best among the demigods, there is no need for you to generate living entities of this nature. They have begun to devastate everything on all sides with the fiery flames from their eyes, and they have even attacked me

> > ******

> > TEXT 18

> > tapa atistha bhadram te

> > sarva-bhuta-sukhavaham

> > tapasaiva yatha purvam

> > srasta visvam idam bhavan

> > tapah: penance; atistha: be situated; bhadram: auspicious; te: unto you; sarva: all; bhuta: living entities; sukha-avaham: bringing happiness; tapasa: by penance; eva: only; yatha: as much as; purvam: before; srasta: will create; visvam: the universe; idam: this; bhavan: yourself.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear son, you had better situate yourself in penance, which is auspicious for all living entities and which will bring all benediction upon you. By penance only shall you be able to create the universe as it was before.

> > ******

> > TEXT 19

> > tapasaiva param jyotir

> > bhagavantam adhoksajam

> > sarva-bhuta-guhavasam

> > anjasa vindate puman

> > tapasa: by penance; eva: only; param: the supreme; jyotih: light; bhagavantam: unto the Personality of Godhead; adhoksajam: He who is beyond the approach of the senses; sarva-bhuta-guha-avasam: residing in the heart of all living entities; anjasa: completely; vindate: can know; puman: a person.

> > TRANSLATION

> > By penance only can one even approach the Personality of Godhead, who is within the heart of every living entity and at the same time beyond the reach of all senses.

> > ******

> > TEXT 20

> > maitreya uvaca

> > evam atmabhuvadistah

> > parikramya giram patim

> > badham ity amum amantrya

> > vivesa tapase vanam

> > maitreyah uvaca: Sri Maitreya said; evam: thus; atma-bhuva: by Brahma; adistah: being so requested; parikramya: by circumambulating; giram: of the Veda; patim: unto the master; badham: that is right; iti: thus; amum: unto Brahma; amantrya: thus addressing; vivesa: entered into; tapase: for the matter of penance; vanam: into the forest.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Maitreya said: Thus Rudra, having been ordered by Brahma, circumambulated his father, the master of the Vedas. Addressing him with words of assent, he entered the forest to perform austere penances

> > ******

> > TEXT 21

> > athabhidyayatah sargam

> > dasa putrah prajajnire

> > bhagavac-chakti-yuktasya

> > loka-santana-hetavah

> > atha: thus; abhidhyayatah: while thinking of; sargam: creation; dasa: ten; putrah: sons; prajajnire: were begotten; bhagavat: regarding the Personality of Godhead; sakti: potency; yuktasya: empowered with; loka: the world; santana: generation; hetavah: the causes.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahma, who was empowered by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, thought of generating living entities and begot ten sons for the extension of the generations

> > ******

> > TEXT 22

> > maricir atry-angirasau

> > pulastyah pulalah kratuh

> > bhrgur vasistho daksas ca

> > dasamas tatra naradah

> > maricih, atri, angirasau, pulastyah, pulahah, kratuh, bhrguh, vasisthah, daksah: names of sons of Brahma; ca: and; dasamah: the tenth; tatra: there; naradah: Narada.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Marici, Atri, Angira, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrgu, Vasistha, Daksa, and the tenth son, Narada, were thus born.

> > ******

> > TEXT 23

> > utsangan narado jajne

> > dakso 'ngusthat svayambhuvah

> > pranad vasisthah sanjato

> > bhrgus tvaci karat kratuh

> > utsangat: by transcendental deliberation; naradah: Mahamuni Narada; jajne: was generated; daksah: Daksa; angusthat: from the thumb; svayambhuvah: of Brahma; pranat: from the life air, or breathing; vasisthah: Vasistha; sanjatah: was born; bhrguh: the sage Bhrgu; tvaci: from the touch; karat: from the hand; kratuh: the sage Kratu.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Narada was born from the deliberation of Brahma, which is the best part of the body. Vasistha was born from his breathing, Daksa from a thumb, Bhrgu from his touch, and Kratu from his hand.

> > ******

> > TEXT 24

> > pulaho nabhito jajne

> > pulastyah karnayor rsih

> > angira mukhato 'ksno 'trir

> > maricir manaso 'bhavat

> > pulahah: the sage Pulaha; nabhitah: from the navel; jajne: generated; pulastyah: the sage Pulastya; karnayoh: from the ears; rsih: the great sage; angirah: the sage Angira; mukhatah: from the mouth; aksnah: from the eyes; atrih: the sage Atri; maricih: the sage Marici; manasah: from the mind; abhavat: appeared.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Pulastya was generated from the ears, Angira from the mouth, Atri from the eyes, Marici from the mind and Pulaha from the navel of Brahma

> > ******

> > TEXT 25

> > dharmah stanad daksinato

> > yatra narayanah svayam

> > adharmah prsthato yasman

> > mrtyur loka-bhayankarah

> > dharmah: religion; stanat: from the breast; daksinatah: on the right side; yatra: wherein; narayanah: the Supreme Lord; svayam: personally; adharmah: irreligion; prsthatah: from the back; yasmat: from which; mrtyuh: death; loka: to the living entity; bhayam-karah: horrible.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Religion was manifested from the breast of Brahma, wherein is seated the Supreme Personality of Godhead Narayana, and irreligion appeared from his back, where horrible death takes place for the living entity.

> > ******

> > TEXT 26

> > hrdi kamo bhruvah krodho

> > lobhas cadhara-dacchadat

> > asyad vak sindhavo medhran

> > nirrtih payor aghasrayah

> > hrdi: from the heart; kamah: lust; bhruvah: from the eyebrows; krodhah: anger; lobhah: greed; ca: also; adhara-dacchadat: from between the lips; asyat: from the mouth; vak: speaking; sindhavah: the seas; medhrat: from the penis; nirrtih: low activities; payoh: from the anus; agha-asrayah: reservoir of all vices.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Lust and desire became manifested from the heart of Brahma, anger from between his eyebrows, greed from between his lips, the power of speaking from his mouth, the ocean from his penis, and low and abominable activities from his anus, the source of all sins.

> > ******

> > TEXT 27

> > chayayah kardamo jajne

> > devahutyah patih prabhuh

> > manaso dehatas cedam

> > jajne visva-krto jagat

> > chayayah: by the shadow; kardamah: Kardama Muni; jajne: became manifested; devahutyah: of Devahuti; patih: husband; prabhuh: the master; manasah: from the mind; dehatah: from the body; ca: also; idam: this; jajne: developed; visva: the universe; krtah: of the creator; jagat: cosmic manifestation.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sage Kardama, husband of the great Devahuti, was manifested from the shadow of Brahma. Thus all became manifested from either the body or the mind of Brahma.

> > ******

> > TEXT 28

> > vacam duhitaram tanvim

> > svayambhur haratim manah

> > ahamam cakame ksattah

> > sa-hama iti nah srutam

> > vacam: Vak; duhitaram: unto the daughter; tanvim: born of his body; svayambhuh: Brahma; haratim: attracting; manah: his mind; ahamam: without being sexually inclined; cakame: desired; ksattah: O Vidura; sa-hamah: being sexually inclined; iti: thus; nah: we; srutam: have heard.

> > TRANSLATION

> > O Vidura, we have heard that Brahma had a daughter named Vak who was born from his body and who attracted his mind toward sex, although she was not sexually inclined towards him.

> > ******

> > TEXT 29

> > tam adharme krta-matim

> > vilokya pitaram sutah

> > marici-mukhya munayo

> > visrambhat pratyabodhayan

> > tam: unto him; adharme: in the matter of immortality; krta-matim: the mind being so given; vilokya: seeing thus; pitaram: unto the father; sutah: sons; marici-mukhyah: headed by Marici; munayah: sages; visrambhat: with due respect; pratyabodhayan: submitted as follows.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thus, finding their father so deluded in an act of immorality, the sages headed by Marici, all sons of Brahma, spoke as follows with great respect.

> > ******

> > TEXT 30

> > naitat purvaih krtam tvad ye

> > na karisyanti capare

> > yas tvam duhitaram gaccher

> > anigrhyangajam prabhuh

> > na: never; etat: such a thing; purvaih: by any other Brahma, or yourself in any previous ka[la; krtam: performed; tvat: by you; ye: that which; na: nor; karisyanti: will do; ca: also; apare: anyone else; yah: that which; tvam: you; duhitaram: unto the daughter; gaccheh: would do; anigrhya: without controlling; angajan: sex desire; prabhuh: O father.

> > TRANSLATION

> > O father, this performance in which you are endeavoring to complicate yourself was never attempted by any other Brahma, nor by anyone else, nor by you in previous kalpas, nor will anyone dare to attempt it in the future. You are the supreme being in the universe, so how is it that you want to have sex with your daughter and cannot control your desire

> > ******

> > TEXT 31

> > tejiyasam api hy etan

> > na suslokyam jagad-guro

> > yad-vrttam anutisthan vai

> > lokah ksemaya kalpate

> > tejiyasam: of the most powerful; api: also; hi: certainly; etat: such an act; na: not suitable; su-slokyam: good behavior; jagat-guro: O spiritual master of the universe; yat: whose; vrttam: character; anutisthan: following; vai: certainly; lokah: the world; ksemaya: for prosperity; kalpate: becomes eligible.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Even though you are the most powerful being, this act does not suit you because your character is followed for spiritual improvement by people in general.

> > ******

> > TEXT 32

> > tasmai namo bhagavate

> > ya idam svena rocisa

> > atma-stham vyanjayam asa

> > sa dharmam patum arhati

> > tasmai: unto Him; namah: obeisances; bhagavate: unto the Personality of Godhead; yah: who; idam: this; svena: by His own; rocisa: effulgence; atma-stham: situated in Himself; vyanjayam asa: has manifested; sah: He; dharmam: religion; patum: for protection; arhati: may kindly do so.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Let us offer our respectful obeisances unto the Personality of Godhead, who, by His own effulgence, while situated in Himself, has manifested this cosmos. May He also protect religion for all goodness.

> > ******

> > TEXT 33

> > sa ittham grnatah putran

> > puro drstva prajapatin

> > prajapati-patis tanvam

> > tatyaja vriditas tada

> > tam diso jagrhur ghoram

> > niharam yad vidus tamah

> > sah: he (Brahma); ittham: thus; grnatah: speaking; putran: sons; purah: before; drstva: seeing; praja-patin: all the progenitors of living entities; prajapati-patih: the father of them (Brahma); tanvam: body; tatyaja: quit; vriditah: ashamed; tada: at that time; tam: that body; disah: all directions; jagrhuh: accepted; ghoram: blamable; niharam: fog; yat: which; viduh: they know as; tamah: darkness.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The father of all Prajapatis, Brahma, thus seeing all his Prajapati sons speaking in that way, became very much ashamed and at once gave up the body he had accepted. Later that body appeared in all directions as the dangerous fog in darkness.

> > ******

> > TEXT 34

> > kadacid dhyayatah srastur

> > veda asams catur-mukhat

> > katham sraksyamy aham lokan

> > samavetan yatha pura

> > kadacit: once upon a time; dyayatah: while contemplating; srastuh: of Brahma; vedah: the Vedic literature; asan: became manifested; catuh-mukhat: from the four mouths; katham sraksyami: how shall I create; aham: myself; lohan: all these worlds; samavetan: assembled; yatha: as they were; pura: in the past.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Once upon a time, when Brahma was thinking of how to create the worlds as in the past millennium, the four Vedas, which contain all varieties of knowledge, became manifested from his four mouths.

> > ******

> > TEXT 35

> > catur-hotram karma-tantram

> > upaveda-nayaih saha

> > dharmasya padas catvaras

> > tathaivasrama-vrttayah

> > catuh: four; hotram: paraphernalia for sacrifice; karma: action; tantram: expansions of such activities; upaveda: supplementary to the Veda; nayaih: by logical conclusions; saha: along with; dharmasya: of religiosity; padah: principles; catvarah: four; tatha eva: in the same way; asrama: social orders; vrttayah: occupations.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The four kinds of paraphernalia for conducting the fire sacrifice became manifest: the performer [the chanter], the offerer, the fire, and the action performed in terms of the supplementary Vedas. Also the four principles of religiosity [truth, austerity, mercy and cleanliness] and the duties in the four social orders all became manifest.

> > ******

> > TEXT 36

> > vidura uvaca

> > sa vai visva-srjam iso

> > vedadin mukhato 'srjat

> > yad yad yenasrjad devas

> > tan me bruhi tapo-dhana

> > vidura uvaca: Vidura said; sah: he (Brahma); vai: certainly; visva: the universe; srjam: of those who created; isah: the controller; veda-adin: the Vedas, etc.; mukhatah: from the mouth; asrjat: established; yat: that; yat: which; yena: by which; asrjat: created; devah: the god; tat: that; me: unto me; bruhi: please explain; tapah-dhana: O sage whose only wealth is penance.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Vidura said: O great sage whose only wealth is penance, kindly explain to me how and with whose help Brahma established the Vedic knowledge which emanated from his mouth

> > ******

> > TEXT 37

> > maitreya uvaca

> > rg-yajuh-samatharvakhyan

> > vedan purvadibhir mukhaih

> > sastram ijyam stuti-stomam

> > prayascittam vyadhat kramat

> > maitreya uvaca: Maitreya said; rk-yajuh-sama-arthava: the four Vedas; akhyan: of the name; vedan: Vedic literatures; purva-adibhih: beginning with the front; mukhaih: by the mouths; sastram: Vedic hymns not pronounced before; ijyam: priestly rituals; stuti-stomam: the subject matter of the reciters; prayascittam: transcendental activities; vyadhat: established; kramat: one after another.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Maitreya said: Beginning from the front face of Brahma, gradually the four Vedas: Rk, Yajur, Sama and Atharva: became manifest. Thereafter, Vedic hymns which had not been pronounced before, priestly rituals, the subject matters of the recitation, and transcendental activities were all established, one after another

> > ******

> > TEXT 38

> > ayur-vedam dhanur-vedam

> > gandharvam vedam atmanah

> > sthapatyam casrjad vedam

> > kramat purvadibhir mukhaih

> > ayuh-vedam: medical science; dhanuh-vedam: military science; gandharvam: musical art; vedam: they are all Vedic knowledge; atmanah: of his own; sthapatyam: architectural; ca: also; asrjat: created; vedam: knowledge; kramat: respectively; purva-adibhih: beginning from the front face; mukhaih: by the mouths.

> > TRANSLATION

> > He also created the medical science, military art, musical art and architectural science, all from the Vedas. They all emanated one after another, beginning from the front face.

> > ******

> > TEXT 39

> > itihasa-puranani

> > pancamam vedam isvarah

> > sarvebhya eva vaktrebhyah

> > sasrje sarva-darsanah

> > itihasa: histories; puranani: the Puranas (supplementary Veda); pancamam: the fifth; vedam: the Vedic literature; isvarah: the Lord; sarvebhyah: all together; eva: certainly; vaktrebhyah: from his mouths; sasrje: created; sarva: all around; darsanah: one who can see all time.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Then he created the fifth Veda: the Puranas and the histories: from all his mouths, since he could see all the past, present and future.

> > ******

> > TEXT 40

> > sodasy-ukthau purva-vaktrat

> > purisy-agnistutav atha

> > aptoryamatiratrau ca

> > vajapeyam sagosavam

> > sodasi-ukthau: types of sacrifice; purva-vaktrat: from the eastern mouth; purisi-agnistutau: types of sacrifice; atha: then; aptoryama-atiratrau: types of sacrifice; ca: and; vajapeyam: type of sacrifice; sa-gosavam: type of sacrifice.

> > TRANSLATION

> > All the different varieties of fire sacrifices [sodasi, uktha, purisi, agnistoma, aptoryama, atiratra, vajapeya and gosava] became manifested from the eastern mouth of Brahma

> > ******

> > TEXT 41

> > vidya danam tapah satyam

> > dharmasyeti padani ca

> > asramams ca yatha-sankhyam

> > asrjat saha vrttibhih

> > vidya: education; danam: charity; tapah: penance; satyam: truth; dharmasya: of religion; iti: thus; padani: four legs; ca: also; asraman: orders of life; ca: also; yatha: as they are; sankhyam: in number; asrjat: created; saha: along with; vrttibhih: by vocations.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Education, charity, penance and truth are said to be the four legs of religion, and to learn this there are four orders of life with different classifications of castes according to vocation. Brahma created all these in systematic order.

> > ******

> > TEXT 42

> > savitram prajapatyam ca

> > brahmam catha brhat tatha

> > varta sancaya-salina-

> > siloncha iti vai grhe

> > savitram: the thread ceremony of the twice-born; prajapatyam: to execute the vow for one year; ca: and; brahmam: acceptance of the Vedas; ca: and; atha: also; brhat: complete abstinence from sex life; tatha: then; varta: vocation in terms of Vedic sanction; sancaya: professional duty; salina: livelihood without asking anyone for cooperation; sila-unchah: picking up rejected grains; iti: thus; vai: even though; grhe: in household life.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Then the thread ceremony for the twice-born was inaugurated, as were the rules to be followed for at least one year after acceptance of the Vedas, rules for observing complete abstinence from sex life, vocations in terms of Vedic injunctions, various professional duties in household life, and the method of maintaining a livelihood without anyone's cooperation by picking up rejected grains.

> > ******

> > TEXT 43

> > vaikhansa valahilyau-

> > dumbarah phenapa vane

> > nyase kutcakah purvam

> > bahvodo hansa-niskriyau

> > vaikhanasah: the section of men who retire from active life and live on half-boiled meals; valakhilya: one who quits his former stock of grains on receipt of more; audumbarah: one who lives on what he gets from the direction towards which he starts after rising from bed; phenapah: one who lives on the fruits which automatically fall from the tree; vane: in the forest; nyase: in the order of renunciation; kuti-cakah: life in the family without attachment; purvam: in the beginning; bahvodah: giving up all material activities and engaging fully in transcendental service; hamsa: fully engaged in transcendental knowledge; niskriyau: stopping all kinds of activities.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The four divisions of retired life are the vaikhanasas, valakhilyas, audumbaras and phenapas. The four divisions of the renounced order of life are the kuticakas, bahvodas, hamsas and niskriyas. All these were manifested from Brahma.

> > ******

> > TEXT 44

> > anviksiki trayi varta

> > danda-nitis tathaiva ca

> > evam vyahrtayas casan

> > pranavo hy asya dahratah

> > anviksiki: logic; trayi: the three goals, namely religion, economy and salvation; varta: sense gratification; danda: law and order; nitih: moral codes; tatha: as also; eva ca: respectively; evam: thus; vyahrtayah: the celebrated hymns bhuh, bhuvah and svah; ca: also; asan: came into existence; pranavah: the omhara; hi: certainly; asya: of him (Brahma); dahratah: from the heart.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The science of logical argument, the Vedic goals of life, and also law and order, moral codes, and the celebrated hymns bhuh, bhuvah and svah all became manifested from the mouths of Brahma, and the pranava omkara was manifested from his heart

> > ******

> > TEXT 45

> > tasyosnig asil lomabhyo

> > gayatri ca tvaco vibhoh

> > tristum mamsat snuto 'nustub

> > jagaty asthnah prajapateh

> > tasya: his; usnik: one of the Vedic meters; asit: generated; lomabhyah: from the hairs on the body; gayatri: the principal Vedic hymn; ca: also; tvacah: from the skin; vibhoh: of the Lord; tristup: a particular type of poetic meter; mamsat: from the flesh; snutah: from the sinews; anustup: another type of poetic meter; jagati: another type of poetic meter; asthnah: from the bones; prajapateh: of the father of the living entities.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter the art of literary expression, usnik, was generated from the hairs on the body of the almighty Prajapati. The principal Vedic hymn, gayatri, was generated from the skin, tristup from the flesh, anustup from the veins, and jagati from the bones of the lord of the living entities

> > ******

> > TEXT 46

> > majjayah panktir utpanna

> > brhati pranato 'bhavat

> > majjayah: from the bone marrow; panktih: a particular type of verse; utpanna: became manifested; brhati: another type of verse; pranatah: out of the life-breathing; abhavat: generated.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The art of writing verse, pankti, became manifested from the bone marrow, and that of brhati, another type of verse, was generated from the life-breath of the Lord of the living entities

> > ******

> > TEXT 47

> > sparsas tasyabhavaj jivah

> > svaro deha udahrta

> > usmanam indriyany ahur

> > antah-stha balam atmanah

> > svarah sapta viharena

> > bhavanti sma ptajapateh

> > sparsah: the set of letters from ka to ma; tasya: his; abhavat: became; jivah: the soul; svarah: vowels; dehah: his body; udahrtah: are expressed; usmanam: the letters sa, sa, sa and ha; indriyani: the senses; ahuh: are called; antah-sthah: the set of letters so known (ya, ra, la and va); balam: energy; atmanah: of his self; svarah: music; sapha: seven; virahena: by the activities of the senses; bhavanti sma: became manifested; prajapateh: of the lord of the living entities.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahma's soul was manifested as the touch alphabets, his body as the vowels, his senses as the sibilant alphabets, his strength as the intermediate alphabets and his sensual activities as the seven notes of music.

> > ******

> > TEXT 48

> > sabda-brahmatmanas tasya

> > vyaktavyaktatmanah parah

> > brahmavabhati vitatonana-sakty-upabrmhitah

> > sabda-brahma: transcendental sound; atmanah: of the Supreme Lord; tasya: His; vyakta: manifested; avyakta-atmanah: of the unmanifested; parah: transcendental; brahma: the Absolute; avabhati: completely manifested; vitatah: distributing; nana: multifarious; sakti: energies; upabrmhitah: invested with.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahma is the personal representation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead as the source of transcendental sound and is therefore above the conception of manifested and unmanifested. Brahma is the complete form of the Absolute Truth and is invested with multifarious energies.

> > ******

> > TEXT 49

> > tato 'param upadaya

> > sa sargaya mano dadhe

> > tatah: thereafter; aparam: another; upadaya: having accepted; sah: he; sargaya: in the matter of creation; manah: mind; dadhe: gave attention.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter Brahma accepted another body, in which sex life was not forbidden, and thus he engaged himself in the matter of further creation.

> > ******

> > TEXT 50

> > rsinam bhuri-viryanam

> > api sargam avistrtam

> > jnatva tad dhrdaye bhuyas

> > cintayam asa kaurava

> > rsinam: of the great sages; bhuri-viryanam: with great potential power; api: in spite of; sargam: the creation; avistrtam: not extended; jnatva: knowing; tat: that; hrdaye: in his heart; bhuyah: again; cintayam asa: he began to consider; kaurava: O son of the Kurus.

> > TRANSLATION

> > O son of the Kurus, when Brahma saw that in spite of the presence of sages of great potency there was no sufficient increase in population, he seriously began to consider how the population could be increased

> > ******

> > TEXT 51

> > aho adbhutam etan me

> > vyaprtasyapi nityada

> > na hy edhante praja nunam

> > daivam atra vighatakam

> > aho: alas; adbhutam: it is wonderful; etat: this; me: for me; vyaprtasya: being busy; api: although; nityada: always; na: does not; hi: certainly; edhante: generate; prajah: living entities; nunam: however; daivam: destiny; atra: herein; vighatakam: against.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Brahma thought to himself: Alas, it is wonderful that in spite of my being scattered all over, there is still insufficient population throughout the universe. There is no other cause for this misfortune but destiny

> > ******

> > TEXT 52

> > evam yukta-krtas tasya

> > daivam caveksatas tada

> > kasya rupam abhud dvedha

> > yat kayam abhicaksate

> > evam: thus; yukta: contemplating; krtah: while doing so; tasya: his; daivam: supernatural power; ca: also; aveksatah: observing; tada: at that time; kasya: of Brahma; rupam: form; abhut: became manifested; dvedha: twofold; yat: which is; kayam: his body; abhicaksate: is said to be.

> > TRANSLATION

> > While he was thus absorbed in contemplation and was observing the supernatural power, two other forms were generated from his body. They are still celebrated as the body of Brahma.

> > ******

> > TEXT 53

> > tabhyam rupa-vibhagabhyam

> > mithunam samapadyata

> > tabhyam: of them; rupa: form; vibhagabhyam: thus being divided; mithunam: sex relation; samapadyata: perfectly executed.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The two newly separated bodies united together in a sexual relationship

> > ******

> > TEXT 54

> > yas tu tatra puman so 'bhun

> > manuh svayambhuvah svarat

> > stri yasic chatarupakhya

> > mahisy asya mahatmanah

> > yah: one who; tu: but; tatra: there; puman: the male; sah: he; abhut: became; manuh: the father of mankind; svayambhuvah: of the name Svayambhuva; sva-rat: fully independent; stri: the woman; ya: one who; asit: there was; satarupa: of the name Satarupa; akhya: known as; mahisi: the queen; asya: of him; mahatmanah: the great soul.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Out of them, the one who had the male form became known as the Manu named Svayambhuva, and the woman became known as Satarupa, the queen of the great soul Manu

> > ******

> > TEXT 55

> > tada mithuna-dharmena

> > praja hy edham babhuvire

> > tada: at that time; mithuna: sex life; dharmena: according to regulative principles; prajah: generations; hi: certainly; edham: increased; babhuvire: took place.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter, by sex indulgence, they gradually increased generations of population one after another

> > ******

> > TEXT 56

> > sa capi satarupayam

> > pancapatyany ajijanat

> > priyavratottanapadau

> > tisrah kanyas ca bharata

> > akutir devahutis ca

> > prasutir iti sattama

> > sah: he (Manu); ca: also; api: in due course; satarupayam: unto Satarupa; panca: five; apatyani: children; ajijanat: begot; priyavrata: Priyavrata; uttanapadau: Uttanapada; tisrah: three in number; kanyah: daughters; ca: also; bharata: O son of Bharata; akutih: Akuti; devahutih: Devahuti; ca: and; prasutih: Prasuti; iti: thus; sattama: O best of all.

> > TRANSLATION

> > O son of Bharata, in due course of time he [Manu] begot in Satarupa five children: two sons, Priyavrata and Uttanapada, and three daughters, Akuti, Devahuti and Prasuti.

> > ******

> > TEXT 57

> > akutim rucaye pradat

> > kardamaya tu madhyamam

> > daksayadat prasutim ca

> > yata apuritam jagat

> > akutim: the daughter named Akuti; rucaye: unto the sage Ruci; pradat: handed over; kardamaya: unto the sage Kardama; tu: but; madhyamam: the middle one (Devahuti); daksaya: unto Daksa; adat: handed over; prasutim: the youngest daughter; ca: also; yatah: wherefrom; apuritam: is fulfilled; jagat: the whole world.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The father, Manu, handed over his first daughter, Akuti, to the sage Ruci, the middle daughter, Devahuti, to the sage Kardama, and the youngest, Prasuti, to Daksa. From them, all the world filled with population.

> > Back to the running text