> > Srimad Bhagavatam - Canto 4
> > Sanskrit, word-for-word and original translation of Swami Prabhupâda
> > (for the purports one will have to consult the books under the copyright of the BBT)

> > Canto 4 Part 1

> > **************

> > Chapter One: Genealogical Table of the Daughters of Manu

> > *******

> > TEXT 1

> > maitreya uvaca

> > manos tu satarupayam

> > tisrah kanyas ca jajnire

> > akutir devahutih ca

> > prasutir iti virutah

> > maitreyah uvaca--the great sage Maitreya said; manoh tu--of Svayambhuva Manu; satarupayam--in his wife Satarupa; tisrah--three; kanyah ca--daughters also; jajnire--gave birth; akutih--named Akuti; devahutih--named Devahuti; ca--also; prasutih--named Prasuti; iti--thus; virutah--well known.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Sri Maitreya said: Svayambhuva Manu begot three daughters in his wife Satarupa, and their names were Akuti, Devahuti and Prasuti.

> > *******

> > TEXT 2

> > akutim rucaye pradad

> > api bhratrmatim nrpah

> > putrika-dharmam asritya

> > satarupanumoditah

> > akutim--Akuti; rucaye--unto the great sage Ruci; pradat--handed over; api--although; bhratr-matim--daughter having a brother; nrpah--the King; putrika--get the resultant son; dhamaam--religious rites; asritya--taking shelter; satarupa--by the wife of Svayambhuva Manu; anumoditah--being sanctioned.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Akuti had two brothers, but in spite of her brothers, King Svayambhuva Manu handed her over to Prajapati Ruci on the condition that the son born of her be returned to Manu as his son. This he did in consultation with his wife, Satarupa.

> > *******

> > TEXT 3

> > prajapatih sa bhagavan

> > rucis tasyam ajijanat

> > mithunam brahma-varcasvi

> > paramena samadhina

> > prajapatih--one who is entrusted with begetting children; sah--he; bhagavan--the most opulent; rucih--the great sage Ruci; tasyam--in her; ajijanat--gave birth; mithunam--couple; brahma-varcasvi--spiritually very much powerful; paramena--with great strength; sama--dhina--in trance.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Ruci, who was very powerful in his brahminical qualifications and was appointed one of the progenitors of the living entities, begot one son and one daughter by his wife, Akuti.

> > *******

> > TEXT 4

> > yas tayoh purusah saksad

> > visnur yajna-svarupa-dhrk

> > ya stri sa daksina bhuter

> > amsa-bhutanapayini

> > yah--one who; tayoh--out of them; purusah--male; saksat--directly; visnuh--the Supreme Lord; yajna--Yajna; svarupa-dhrk--accepting the form; ya--the other; stri--female; sa--she; daksina--Daksina; bhuteh--of the goddess of fortune; amsa-bhuta--being a plenary expansion; anapayini--never to be separated.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Of the two children born of Akuti, the male child was directly an incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and His name was Yajna, which is another name of Lord Visnu. The female child was a partial incarnation of Laksmi, the goddess of fortune, the eternal consort of Lord Visnu.

> > *******

> > TEXT 5

> > aninye sva-grham putryah

> > putram vitata-rocis am

> > svayambhuvo muda yukto

> > rucir jagraha daksinam

> > aninye--brought to; sva-grham--home; putryah--born of the daughter; putram--the son; vitata-rocis am--very powerful; svayambhuvah--the Manu named Svayambhuva; muda--being very pleased; yuktah--with; rucih--the great sage Ruci; jagraha--kept; daksinam--the daughter named Daksina.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Svayambhuva Manu very gladly brought home the beautiful boy named Yajna, and Ruci, his son-in-law, kept with him the daughter, Daksina.

> > *******

> > TEXT 6

> > tam kamayanam bhagavan

> > uvaha yajusam patih

> > tustayam tosam apanno

> > janayad dvadasatmajan

> > tam--her; kamayanam--desiring; bhagavan--the Lord; uvaha--married; yajusam--of all sacrifices; patih--master; tustayam--in His wife, who was very much pleased; tosam--great pleasure; apannah--having obtained; ajanayat--gave birth; dvadasa--twelve; atmajan--sons.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The Lord of the ritualistic performance of yajna later married Daksina, who was anxious to have the Personality of Godhead as her husband, and in this wife the Lord was also very much pleased to beget twelve children.

> > *******

> > TEXT 7

> > tosah pratosah santoso

> > bhadrah santir idaspatih

> > idhmah kavir vibhuh svahnah

> > sudevo rocano dvi-sat

> > tosah--Tosa; pratosah--Pratosa; santosah--Santosa; bhadrah--Bhadra; santih--Santi; idaspatih--Idaspati; idhmah--Idhma; kavih--Kavi; vibhuh--Vibhu; svahnah--Svahna; sudevah--Sudeva; rocanah--Rocana; dvi-sat--twelve.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The twelve boys born of Yajna and Daksina were named Tosa, Pratosa, Santosa, Bhadra, Santi, Idaspati, Idhma, Kavi, Vibhu, Svahna, Sudeva and Rocana.

> > *******

> > TEXT 8

> > tusita nama te deva

> > asan svayambhuvantare

> > marici-mira rsayo

> > yajnah sura-ganesvarah

> > tusitah--the category of the Tusitas; nama--of the name; te--all of them; devah--demigods; asan--became; svayambhuva--the name of the Manu; antare--at that period; marici-mirah--headed by Marici; rsayah--great sages; yajnah--the incarnation of Lord Visnu; sura-gana-inarah--the king of the demigods.

> > TRANSLATION

> > During the time of Svayambhuva Manu, these sons all became the demigods collectively named the Tusitas. Marici became the head of the seven rsis, and Yajna became the king of the demigods, Indra.

> > *******

> > TEXT 9

> > priyavratottanapadau

> > manu-putrau mahaujasau

> > tat-putra-pautra-naptr-nam

> > anuvrttam tad-antaram

> > priyavrata--Priyavrata; uttanapddau--Uttanapada; manu-putrau--sons of Manu; maha-ojasau--very great, powerful; tat--their; putra--sons; pautra--grandsons; naptr-nam--grandsons from the daughter; anuvrttam--following; tat-antaram--in that Manu's period.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Svayambhuva Manu's two sons, Priyavrata and Uttanapada, became very powerful kings, and their sons and grandsons spread all over the three worlds during that period.

> > *******

> > TEXT 10

> > devahutim adat tata

> > kardamayatmajam manuh

> > tat-sambandhi sruta-prayam

> > bhavata gadato mama

> > devahutim--Devahuti; adat--handed over; tata--my dear son; kardamaya--unto the great sage Kardama; atmajam--daughter; manuh--Lord Svayambhuva Manu; tat-sambandhi--in that connection; sruta-prayam--heard almost in full; bhavata--by you; gadatah--spoken; mama--by me.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear son, Svayambhuva Manu handed over his very dear daughter Devahuti to Kardama Muni. I have already spoken to you about them, and you have heard about them almost in full.

> > *******

> > TEXT 11

> > daksaya brahma-putraya

> > prasutim bhagavan manuh

> > prayacchad yat-krtah sargas

> > tri-lokyam vitato mahan

> > daksaya--unto Prajapati Daksa; brahma-putraya--the son of Lord Brahma; prasutim--Prasuti; bhagavan--the great personality; manuh--Svayambhuva Manu; prayacchat--handed over; yat-krtah--done by whom; sargah--creation; tri-lokyam--in the three worlds; vitatah--expanded; mahan--greatly.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Svayambhuva Manu handed over his daughter Prasuti to the son of Brahma named Daksa, who was also one of the progenitors of the living entities. The descendants of Daksa are spread throughout the three worlds.

> > *******

> > TEXT 12

> > yah kardama-sutah prokta

> > nava brahmarsi-patnayah

> > tasam prasuti-prasavam

> > procyamanam nibodha me

> > yah--those who; kardama-sutah--the daughters of Knrdama; proktah--were mentioned; nava--nine; brahma-rsi--great sages of spiritual knowledge; patnayah--wives; tasam--their; prasuti-prasavam--generations of sons and grandsons; procyamanam--describing; nibodha--try to understand; me--from me.

> > TRANSLATION

> > You have already been informed about the nine daughters of Kardama Muni, who were handed over to nine different sages. I shall now describe the descendants of those nine daughters. Please hear from me.

> > *******

> > TEXT 13

> > patni marices tu kala

> > susuve kardamatmaja

> > kasyapam purnimanam ca

> > yayor apuritam jagat

> > patai--wife; mariceh--of the sage named Marici; tu--also; kala--named Kala; susuve--gave birth; kardama-atmaja--daughter of Kardama Muni; kasyapam--of the name Kasyapa; purnimanam ca--and of the name Purnima; yayoh--by whom; apuritam--spread all over; jagat--the world.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Kardama Muni's daughter Kala, who was married to Marici, gave birth to two children, whose names were Kasyapa and Purnima. Their descendants are spread all over the world.

> > *******

> > TEXT 14

> > purnimasuta virajam

> > visvagam ca parantapa

> > devakulyam hareh pada-

> > saucad yabhut sarid divah

> > purnima--Purnima; asuta--begot; virajam--a son named Viraja; vinagam ca--and named Visvaga; param-tapa--O annihilator of enemies; devakulyam--a daughter named Devakulya; hareh--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; pada-saucat--by the water which washed His lotus feet; ya--she; abhut--became; sarit divah--the transcendental water within the banks of the Ganges.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear Vidura, of the two sons, Kasyapa and Purnima, Purnima begot three children, namely Viraja, Visvaga and Devakulya. Of these three, Devakulya was the water which washed the lotus feet of the Personality of Godhead and which later on transformed into the Ganges of the heavenly planets.

> > *******

> > TEXT 15

> > atreh patny anasuya trin

> > jajne suyasasah sutan

> > dattam durvasasam somam

> > atmesa-brahma-sam bhavan

> > atreh--of Atri Muni; patni--wife; anasuya--named Anasuya; trin--three; jajne--bore; su-yasasah--very famous; sutan--sons; dattam--Dattatreya; durvasasam--Durvasa; somam--Soma (the moon-god); atma--the Supersoul; ia--Lord Siva; brahma--Lord Brahma; sambhavan--incarnations of.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Anasuya, the wife of Atri Muni, gave birth to three very famous sons--Soma, Dattatreya and Durvasa--who were partial representations of Lord Visnu, Lord Siva and Lord Brahma. Soma was a partial representation of Lord Brahma, Dattatreya was a partial representation of Lord Visnu, and Durvasa was a partial representation of Lord Siva.

> > *******

> > TEXT 16

> > vidura uvaca

> > atrer grhe sura-sresthah

> > sthity-utpatty-anta-hetavah

> > kincic cikirsavo jata

> > etad akhyahi me guro

> > vidurah uvaca--Sri Vidura said; atreh grhe--in the house of Atri; sura-sresthah--chief demigods; sthiti--maintenance; utpatti--creation; anta--destruction; hetavah--causes; kincit--something; cikirsavah--desiring to do; jatah--appeared; etat--this; akhyahi--tell; me--to me; guro--my dear spiritual master.

> > TRANSLATION

> > After hearing this, Vidura inquired from Maitreya: My dear master, how is it that the three deities Brahma, Visnu and Siva, who are the creator, maintainer and destroyer of the whole creation, became the offspring of the wife of Atri Muni?

> > *******

> > TEXT 17

> > maitreya uvaca

> > brahmana coditah srstav

> > atrir brahma-vidam varah

> > saha patnya yayav rksam

> > kuladrim tapasi sthitah

> > maitreyah uvaca--Sri Maitreya Rsi said; brahmana--by Lord Brahma; coditah--being inspired; srstau--for creation; atrih--Atri; brahma-vidam--of the persons learned in spiritual knowledge; varah--the chief; saha--with; patnya--wife; yayau--went; rksam--to the mountain named Rksa; kula-adrim--great mountain; tapasi--for austerities; sthitah--remained.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Maitreya said: When Lord Brahma ordered Atri Muni to create generations after marrying Anasuya, Atri Muni and his wife went to perform severe austerities in the valley of the mountain known as Rksa.

> > *******

> > TEXT 18

> > tasmin prasuna-stabaka-

> > palasasoka-kanane

> > varbhih sravadbhir udghuste

> > nirvindhyayah samantatah

> > tasmin--in that; prasuna-stabaka--bunches of flowers; palasa--palasa trees; asoka--asoka trees; kanane--in the forest garden; varbhih--by the waters; sravadbhih--flowing; udghuste--in sound; nirvindhyayah--of the River Nirvindhya; samantatah--everywhere.

> > TRANSLATION

> > In that mountain valley flows a river named Nirvindhya. On the bank of the river are many asoka trees and other plants full of palasa flowers, and there is always the sweet sound of water flowing from a waterfall. The husband and wife reached that beautiful place.

> > *******

> > TEXT 19

> > pranayamena samyamya

> > mano varsa-satam munih

> > atisthad eka-padena

> > nirdvandvo 'nila-bhojanah

> > pranayamena--by practice of the breathing exercise; samyamya--controlling; manah--mind; varsa-satam--one hundred years; munih--the great sage; atisthat--remained there; eka-padena--standing on one leg; nirdvandvah--without duality; anila--air; bhojanah--eating.

> > TRANSLATION

> > There the great sage concentrated his mind by the yogic breathing exercises, and thereby controlling all attachment, he remained standing on one leg only, eating nothing but air, and stood there on one leg for one hundred years.

> > *******

> > TEXT 20

> > saranam tam prapadye 'ham

> > ya eva jagad-inarah

> > prajam atma-samam mahyam

> > prayacchatv iti cintayan

> > saranam--taking shelter; tam--unto Him; prapadye--surrender; aham--I; yah--one who; eva--certainly; jagat-inarah--master of the universe; prajam--son; atma-samam--like Himself; mahyam--unto me; prayacchatu--let Him give; iti--thus; cintayan--thinking.

> > TRANSLATION

> > He was thinking: May the Lord of the universe, of whom I have taken shelter, kindly he pleased to offer me a son exactly like Him.

> > *******

> > TEXT 21

> > tapyamanam tri-bhuvanam

> > pranayamaidhasagnina

> > nirgatena muner murdhnah

> > samiksya prabhavas trayah

> > tapyamanam--while practicing austerities; tri-bhuvanam--the three worlds; pranayama--practice by breathing exercise; edhasa--fuel; agnina--by the fire; nirgatena--issuing out; muneh--of the great sage; murdhnah--the top of the head; samiksya--looking over; prabhavah trayah--the three great gods (Brahma, Visnu and Mahesvara).

> > TRANSLATION

> > While Atri Muni was engaged in these severe austerities, a blazing fire came out of his head by virtue of his breathing exercise, and that fire was seen by the three principal deities of the three worlds.

> > *******

> > TEXT 22

> > apsaro-muni-gandharva-

> > siddha-vidyadharoragaih

> > vitayamana-yasasas

> > tad-asrama-padam yayuh

> > apsarah--heavenly society women; muni--great sages; gandharva--inhabitants of the Gandharva planet; siddha--of Siddhaloka; vidyadhara--other demigods; uragaih--the inhabitants of Nagaloka; vitayamana--being spread; yasasah--fame, reputation; tat--his; asrama-padam--hermitage; yayuh--went.

> > TRANSLATION

> > At that time, the three deities approached the hermitage of Atri Muni, accompanied by the denizens of the heavenly planets, such as the celestial beauties, the Gandharvas, the Siddhas, the Vidyadharas and the Nagas. Thus they entered the asrama of the great sage, who had become famous by his austerities.

> > *******

> > TEXT 23

> > tat-pradu rbhava-samyoga-

> > vidyotita-mana munih

> > uttisthann eka-padena

> > dddarsa vibudharsabhan

> > tat--their; pradurbhava--appearance; samyoga--simultaneously; vidyotita--enlightened; manah--in the mind; munih--the great sage; uttisthan--being awakened; eka-padena--even on one leg; dadarsa--saw; vibudha--demigods; rsabhan--the great personalities.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The sage was standing on one leg, but as soon as he saw that the three deities had appeared before him, he was so pleased to see them all together that despite great difficulty he approached them on one leg.

> > *******

> > TEXT 24

> > pranamya dandavad bhumav

> > upatasthe 'rhananjalih

> > vrsa-hamsa-suparna-sthan

> > svaih svaih cihnaih ca cihnitan

> > pranamya--offering obeisances; danda-vat--like a rod; bhumau--ground; upatasthe--fell down; arhana--all paraphernalia for worship; anjalih--folded hands; vrsa--bull; hamsa--swan; suparna--the Garuda bird; sthan--situated; svaih--own; svaih--own; cihnaih--by symbols; ca--and; cihnitan--being recognized.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter he began to offer prayers to the three deities, who were seated on different carriers--a bull, a swan and Garuda--and who held in their hands a drum, kusa grass and a discus. The sage offered them his respects by falling down like a stick.

> > *******

> > TEXT 25

> > krpavalokena hasad-

> > vadanenopalam bhitan

> > tad-rocisa pratihate

> > nimilya munir aksini

> > krpa-avalokena--glancing with mercy; hasat--smiling; vadanena--with faces; upalambhitan--appearing very much satisfied; tat--their; rocis a--by the glaring effulgence; pratihate--being dazzled; nimilya--closing; munih--the sage; aksini--his eyes.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Atri Muni was greatly pleased to see that the three devas were gracious towards him. His eyes were dazzled by the effulgence of their bodies, and therefore he closed his eyes for the time being.

> > *******

> > TEXT 26-27

> > cetas tat-pravanam yunjann

> > astavit samhatanjalih

> > slaksnaya suktaya vaca

> > sarva-loka-gariyasah

> > atrir uvaca

> > vinodbhava-sthiti-layesu vibhajyamanair

> > maya-gunair anuyugam vigrhita-dehah

> > te brahma-visnu-girisah pranato 'smy aham vas

> > tebhyah ka eva bhavatam ma ihopahutah

> > cetah--heart; tat-pravanam--fixing on them; yunjan--making; astavit--offered prayers; samhata-anjalih--with folded hands; slaksnaya--ecstatic; suktaya--prayers; vaca--words; sarva-loka--all over the world; gariyasah--honorable;

> > atrih uvaca--Atri said; vina--the universe; udbhava--creation; sthiti--maintenance; layesu--in destruction; vibhajyamanaih--being divided; maya-gunaih--by the external modes of nature; anuyugam--according to different millenniums; vigrhita--accepted; dehah--bodies; te--they; brahma--Lord Brahma; visnu--Lord Visnu; girisah--Lord Siva; pranatah--bowed; asmi--am; aham--I; vah--unto you; tebhyah--from them; kah--who; eva--certainly; bhavatam--of you; me--by me; iha--here; upahutah--called for.

> > TRANSLATION

> > But since his heart was already attracted by the deities, somehow or other he gathered his senses, and with folded hands and sweet words he began to offer prayers to the predominating deities of the universe. The great sage Atri said: O Lord Brahma, Lord Visnu and Lord Siva, you have divided yourself into three bodies by accepting the three modes of material nature, as you do in every millennium for the creation, maintenance and dissolution of the cosmic manifestation. I offer my respectful obeisances unto all of you and beg to inquire whom of you three I have called by my prayer.

> > *******

> > TEXT 28

> > eko mayeha bhagavan vividha-pradhanaih

> > citti-krtah prajananaya katham nu yuyam

> > atragatas tanu-bhrtam manaso 'pi durad

> > bruta prasidata mahan iha vismayo me

> > ekah--one; maya--by me; iha--here; bhagavan--great personality; vividha--various; pradhanaih--by paraphernalia; citti-krtah--fixed in mind; prajananaya--for begetting a child; katham--why; nu--however; yuyam--all of you; atra--here; agatah--appeared; tanu-bhrtam--of the embodied; manasah--the minds; api--although; durat--from far beyond; bruta--kindly explain; prasidata--being merciful to me; mahan--very great; iha--this; vismayah--doubt; me--of mine.

> > TRANSLATION

> > I called for the Supreme Personality of Godhead, desiring a son like Him, and I thought of Him only. But although He is far beyond the mental speculation of man, all three of you have come here. Kindly let me know how you have come, for I am greatly bewildered about this.

> > *******

> > TEXT 29

> > maitreya uvaca

> > iti tasya vacah srutva

> > trayas te vibudharsabhah

> > pratyahuh slaksnaya vaca

> > prahasya tam rsim prabho

> > maitreyah uvaca--the sage Maitreya said; iti--thus; tasya--his; vacah--words; srutva--after hearing; trayah te--all three; vibudha--demigods; rsabhah--chiefs; pratyahuh--replied; slaksnaya--gentle; vaca--voices; prahasya--smiling; tam--unto him; rsim--the great sage; prabho--O mighty one.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The great sage Maitreya continued: Upon hearing Atri Muni speak in that way, the three great deities smiled, and they replied in the following sweet words.

> > *******

> > TEXT 30

> > deva ucuh

> > yatha krtas te sankalpo

> > bhavyam tenaiva nanyatha

> > sat-sankaloasya te brahman

> > yad vai dhyayati te vayam

> > devah ucuh--the demigods replied; yatha--as; krtah--done; te--by you; sankalpah--determination; bhavyam--to be done; tena eva--by that; na anyatha--not otherwise; sat-sankalpasya--one whose determination is never lost; te--of you; brahman--O dear brahmana; yat--that which; vai--certainly; dhyayati--meditating; te--all of them; vayam--we are.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The three deities told Atri Muni: Dear brahmana, you are perfect in your determination, and therefore as you have decided, so it will happen; it will not happen otherwise. We are all the same person upon whom you were meditating, and therefore we have all come to you.

> > *******

> > TEXT 31

> > athasmad-amsa-bhutas te

> > atmaja loka-virutah

> > bhavitaro 'nga bhadram te

> > visrapsyanti ca te yasah

> > atha--therefore; asmat--our; amsa-bhutah--plenary expansions; te--your; atmajah--sons; loka-virutah--very famous in the world; bhavitarah--in the future will be born; anga--dear great sage; bhadram--all good fortune; te--unto you; visrapsyanti--will spread; ca--also; te--your; yasah--reputation.

> > TRANSLATION

> > You will have sons who will represent a partial manifestation of our potency, and because we desire all good fortune for you, those sons will glorify your reputation throughout the world.

> > *******

> > TEXT 32

> > evam kama-varam dattva

> > pratijagmuh suresvarah

> > sabhajitas tayoh samyag

> > dampatyor mis atos tatah

> > evam--thus; kama-varam--desired benediction; dattva--offering; pratijagmuh--returned; sura-inarah--the chief demigods; sabha--jitah--being worshiped; tayoh--while they; samyak--perfectly; dampatyoh--the husband and wife; misatoh--were looking on; tatah--from there.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thus, while the couple looked on, the three deities Brahma, Visnu and Mahesvara disappeared from that place after bestowing upon Atri Muni the benediction.

> > *******

> > TEXT 33

> > somo 'bhud brahmano 'msena

> > datto vis nos tu yogavit

> > durvasah sankarasyamso

> > nibodhangirasah prajah

> > somah--the king of the moon planet; abhut--appeared; brahmanah--of Lord Brahma; amsena--partial expansion; dattah--Dattatreya; vis noh--of Visnu; tu--but; yoga-vit--very powerful yogi; durvasah--Durvasa; sankarasya amsah--partial expansion of Lord Siva; nibodha--just try to understand; angirasah--of the great sage Angira; prajah--generations.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Thereafter, from the partial representation of Brahma, the moon-god was born of them; from the partial representation of Visnu, the great mystic Dattatreya was born; and from the partial representation of Sankara [Lord Siva], Durvasa was born. Now you may hear from me of the many sons of Angira.

> > *******

> > TEXT 34

> > sraddha tv angirasah patni

> > catasro 'suta kanyakah

> > sinivali kuhu raka

> > caturthy anumatis tatha

> > sraddha--Sraddha; tu--but; an girasah--of Angira Rsi; patni--wife; catasrah--four; asuta--gave birth; kanyakah--daughters; sinivali--Sinivali; kuhuh--Kuhu; raka--Raka; caturthi--the fourth one; anumatih--Anumati; tatha--also.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Angira's wife, Sraddha, gave birth to four daughters, named Sinivali, Kuhu, Raka and Anumati.

> > *******

> > TEXT 35

> > tat-putrav aparav astam

> > khyatau svarocise 'ntare

> > utathyo bhagavan saksad

> > brahmis thas ca brhaspatih

> > tat--his; putrau--sons; aparau--others; astam--were born; khyatau--very famous; svarocise--in the Svarocisa millennium; antare--of the Manu; utathyah--Utathya; bhagavan--very mighty; saksat--directly; brahmis thah ca--fully spiritually advanced; brhaspatih--Brhaspati.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Besides these four daughters, she also had another two sons. One of them was known as Utathya, and the other was the learned scholar Brhaspati.

> > *******

> > TEXT 36

> > pulastyo 'janayat patayam

> > agastyam ca havirbhuvi

> > so 'nya janmani dahragnir

> > viravas ca maha-tapah

> > pulastyah--the sage Pulastya; ajanayat--begot; patayam--in his wife; agastyam--the great sage Agastya; ca--also; havirbhuvi--in Havirbhu; sah--he (Agastya); anya janmani--in the next birth; dahra-agnih--the digesting fire; viravah--Visrava; ca--and; maha-tapah--greatly powerful because of austerity.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Pulastya begot in his wife, Havirbhu, one son of the name Agastya, who in his next birth became Dahragni. Besides him, Pulastya begot another very great and saintly son, whose name was Visrava.

> > *******

> > TEXT 37

> > tasya yaksa-patir devah

> > kuberas tv idavid a-sutah

> > ravanah kumbhakarnas ca

> > tathanyasyam vibhisanah

> > tasya--his; yaksa-patih--the king of the Yaksas; devah--demigod; kuberah--Kuvera; tu--and; id avid a--of ldavida; sutah--son; ravanah--Rivana; kumbhakarnah--Kumbhakarna; ca--also; tatha--so; anyasyam--in the other; vibhisanah--Vibhisana.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Visrava had two wives. The first wife was Idavida, from whom Kuvera, the master of all Yaksas, was born, and the next wife was named Kesini, from whom three sons were born--Ravana, Kumbhakarna and Vihhisana.

> > *******

> > TEXT 38

> > pulahasya gatir bharya

> > trin asuta sati sutan

> > karmasrestham variyamsam

> > sahisnum ca maha-mate

> > pulahasya--of Pulaha; gatih--Gati; bharya--wife; trta--three; asuta--gave birth; sati--chaste; sutan--sons; karma-srestham--very expert in fruitive activities; variyamsam--very respectable; sahisnum--very tolerant; ca--also; maha-mate--O great Vidura.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Gati, the wife of the sage Pulaha, gave birth to three sons, named Karmarestha, Variyan and Sahisnu, and all of them were great sages.

> > *******

> > TEXT 39

> > krator api kriya bharya

> > valakhilyan asuyata

> > rsin sasti-sahasrani

> > jvalato brahma-tejasa

> > kratoh--of the great sage Kratu; api--also; kriya--Kriya; bha-rya--wife; valakhilyan--just like Valakhilya; asuyata--begot; rsta--sages; sasti--sixty; sahasrani--thousand; jvalatah--very brilliant; brahma-tejasa--by dint of the Brahman effulgence.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Kratu's wife, Kriya, gave birth to sixty thousand great sages, named the Valakhilyas. All these sages were greatly advanced in spiritual knowledge, and their bodies were illuminated by such knowledge.

> > *******

> > TEXT 40

> > urjayam jajnire putra

> > vasisthasya parantapa

> > citraketu-pradhanas te

> > sapta brahmarsayo 'malah

> > urjayam--in Urja; jarnire--took birth; putrah--sons; vasis thasya--of the great sage Vasistha; parantapa--O great one; citraketu--Citraketu; pradhanah--headed by; te--all the sons; sapta--seven; brahma-rsayah--great sages with spiritual knowledge; amalah--without contamination.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The great sage Vasistha begot in his wife, Urja, sometimes called Arundhati, seven spotlessly great sages, headed by the sage named Citraketu.

> > *******

> > TEXT 41

> > citraketuh surocih ca

> > viraja mitra eva ca

> > ulbano vasubhrdyano

> > dyuman sakty-ddayo 'pare

> > citraketuh--Citraketu; surocih ca--and Suroci; virajah--Viraja; mitrah--Mitra; eva--also; ca--and; ulbanah--Ulbana; vasubhrdyanah--Vasubhrdyana; dyuman--Dyuman; sakti-adayah--sons headed by Sakti; apare--from his other wife.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The names of these seven sages are as follows: Citraketu, Suroci, Viraja, Mitra, Ulbana, Vasubhrdyana and Dyuman. Some other very competent sons were born from Vasistha's other wife.

> > *******

> > TEXT 42

> > cittis tv atharvanah patni

> > lebhe putram dhrta-vratam

> > dadhyancam asvasirasam

> > bhrgor vamsam nibodha me

> > cittih--Citti; tu--also; atharvanah--of Atharva; patni--wife; lebhe--got; putram--son; dhrta-vratam--completely dedicated to a vow; dadhyancam--Dadhyanca; asvasirasam--Asvasira; bhrgoh vamsam--generations of Bhrgu; nibodha--try to understand; me--from me.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Citti, wife of the sage Atharva, gave birth to a son named Asvasira by accepting a great vow called Dadhyanca. Now you may hear from me about the descendants of the sage Bhrgu.

> > *******

> > TEXT 43

> > bhrguh khyatyam maha-bhagah

> > patayam putran ajijanat

> > dhataram ca vidhataram

> > sriyam ca bhagavat-param

> > bhrguh--the great sage Bhrgu; khyatyam--in his wife, Khyati; maha-bhagah--greatly fortunate; patayam--unto the wife; putran--sons; ajijanat--gave birth; dhataram--Dhata; ca--also; vidhataram--Vidhata; sriyam--a daughter named Sri; ca bhagavat-param--and a great devotee of the Lord.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The sage Bhrgu was highly fortunate. In his wife, known as Khyati, he begot two sons, named Dhata and Vidhata, and one daughter, named Sri, who was very much devoted to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

> > *******

> > TEXT 44

> > ayatim niyatim caiva

> > sute merus tayor adat

> > tabhyam tayor abhavatam

> > mrkandah prana eva ca

> > ayatim--Ayati; niyatim--Niyati; ca eva--also; sute--daughters; meruh--the sage Meru; tayoh--unto those two; adat--gave in marriage; tabhyam--out of them; tayoh--both of them; abhavatam--appeared; mrkandah--Mrkanda; pranah--Prana; eva--certainly; ca--and.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The sage Meru had two daughters, named Ayati and Niyati, whom he gave in charity to Dhata and Vidhata. Ayati and Niyati gave birth to two sons, Mrkanda and Prana.

> > *******

> > TEXT 45

> > markandeyo mrkandasya

> > pranad vedasira munih

> > kavih ca bhargavo yasya

> > bhagavan usana sutah

> > markandeyah--Markandeya; mrkandasya--of Mrkanda; pranat--from Prana; vedasirah--Vedasira; munih--great sage; kavih ca--of the name Kavi; bhargavah--of the name Bhargava; yasya--whose; bhagavan--greatly powerful; usana--Sukracarya; sutah--son.

> > TRANSLATION

> > From Mrkanda, Markandeya Muni was born, and from Prana the sage Vedaira, whose son was Usana [Sukracarya], also known as Kavi. Thus Kavi also belonged to the descendants of the Bhrgu dynasty.

> > *******

> > TEXT 46-47

> > ta ete munayah ksattar

> > lokan sargair abhavayan

> > esa kardama-dauhitra-

> > santanah kathitas tava

> > srnvatah sraddadhanasya

> > sayah papa-harah parah

> > prasutim manavim daksa

> > upayeme hy ajatmajah

> > te--they; ete--all; munayah--great sages; ksattah--O Vidura; lokan--the three worlds; sargaih--with their descendants; abhavayan--filled; esah--this; kardama--of the sage Kardama; Dauthitra--grandsons; santanah--offspring; kathitah--already spoken; tava--unto you;

> > srnvatah--hearing; sraddadhanasya--of the faithful; sadyah--immediately; papa-harah--reducing all sinful activities; parah--great; prasutim--Prasuti; manavim--daughter of Manu; daksah--King Daksa; upayeme--married; hi--certainly; aja-atmajah--son of Brahma.

> > TRANSLATION

> > My dear Vidura, the population of the universe was thus increased by the descendants of these sages and the daughters of Kardama. Anyone who hears the descriptions of this dynasty with faith will be relieved from all sinful reactions. Another of Manu's daughters, known as Prasuti, married the son of Brahma named Daksa.

> > *******

> > TEXT 48

> > tasyam sasarja duhitrh

> > sodasamala-locanah

> > trayodasadad dharmaya

> > tathaikam agnaye vibhuh

> > tasyam--unto her; sasarja--created; duhitrh--daughters; sodasa--sixteen; amala-locanah--with lotuslike eyes; trayodasa--thirteen; adat--gave; dharmaya--to Dharma; tatha--so; ekam--one daughter; agnaye--to Agni; vibhuh--Daksa.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Daksa begot sixteen very beautiful daughters with lotuslike eyes in his wife Prasuti. Of these sixteen daughters, thirteen were given in marriage to Dharma, and one daughter was given to Agni.

> > *******

> > TEXT 49-52

> > pitrbhya ekam yuktebhyo

> > bhavayaikam bhava-cchide

> > sraddha maitri daya santis

> > tustih pustih kriyonnatih

> > buddhir medha titiksa hrir

> > murtir dharmasya patnayah

> > sraddhasuta subham maitri

> > prasadam abhayam daya

> > santih sukham mudam tustih

> > smayam pustir asuyata

> > yogam kriyonnatir darpam

> > artham buddhir asuyata

> > medha smrtim titiksa tu

> > ksemam hrih prasrayam sutam

> > murtih sarva-gunotpattir

> > nara-narayanav rsi

> > pitrbhyah--to the Pitas; ekam--one daughter; yuktebhyah--the assembled; bhavaya--to Lord Siva; ekam--one daughter; bhava-chide--who delivers from the material entanglement; sraddha, maitri, daya, santih, tustih, pustih, kriya, unnatih,

> > buddhih, medha, titiksa, hrih, murtih--names of thirteen daughters of Daksa; dharmasya--of Dharma; patnayah--the wives; sraddha--Sraddha; asuta--gave birth to; subham--Subha; maitri--Maitri; prasadam--Prasada; abhayam--Abhaya; daya--Daya;

> > santih--Santi; sukham--Sukha; mudam--Muda; tustih--Tusti; smayam--Smaya; pustih--Pusti; asuyata--gave birth to; yogam--Yoga; kriya--Kriya; unnatih--Unnati; darpam--Darpa; artham--Artha; buddhih--Buddhi; asuyata--begot;

> > medha--Medha; smrtim--Smrti; titiksa--Titiksa; tu--also; ksemam--Ksema; hrih--Hri; prasrayam--Prasraya; sutam--son; murtih--Murti; sarva-guna--of all respectable qualities; utpattih--the reservoir; nara-narayanau--both Nara and Narayana; rsi--the two sages.

> > TRANSLATION

> > One of the remaining two daughters was given in charity to the Pitrloka, where she resides very amicably, and the other was given to Lord Siva, who is the deliverer of sinful persons from material entanglement. The names of the thirteen daughters of Daksa who were given to Dharma are Sraddha, Maitri, Daya, Santi, Tusti, Pusti, Kriya, Unnati, Buddhi, Medha, Titiksa, Hri and Murti. These thirteen daughters produced the following sons: Sraddha gave birth to Subha, Maitri produced Prasada, Daya gave birth to Abhaya, Santi gave birth to Sukha, Tusti gave birth to Muda, Pusti gave birth to Smaya, Kriya gave birth to Yoga, Unnati gave birth to Barpa, Buddhi gave birth to Artha, Medha gave birth to Smrti, Titiksa gave birth to Ksema, and Hri gave birth to Praraya. Murti, a reservoir of all respectable qualities, gave birth to Sri Nara-Narayana, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

> > *******

> > TEXT 53

> > yayor janmany ado vinam

> > abhyanandat sunirvrtam

> > manamsi kakubho vatah

> > praseduh sarito 'drayah

> > yayoh--both of whom (Nara and Narayana); janmani--on the appearance; adah--that; vinam--universe; abhyanandat--became glad; su-nirvrtam--full of joy; manamsi--everyone's mind; kakubhah--the directions; vatah--the air; praseduh--became pleasant; saritah--the rivers; adrayah--the mountains.

> > TRANSLATION

> > On the occasion of the appearance of Nara-Narayana, the entire world was full of joy. Everyone's mind became tranquil, and thus in all directions the air, the rivers and the mountains became pleasant.

> > *******

> > TEXT 54-55

> > divy avadyanta turyani

> > petuh kusuma-vrstayah

> > munayas tustuvus tusta

> > jagur gandharva-kinnarah

> > nrtyanti sma striyo devya

> > asit parama-mangalam

> > deva brahmadayah sarve

> > upatasthur abhis tavaih

> > divi--in the heavenly planets; avadyanta--vibrated; turyani--a band of instruments; petuh--they showered; kusuma--of flowers; vrstayah--showers; munayah--the sages; tustuvuh--chanted Vedic prayers; tustah--pacified; jaguh--began to sing; gandharva--the Gandharvas; kinnarah--the Kinnaras;

> > nrtyanti sma--danced; striyah--the beautiful damsels; devyah--of the heavenly planets; asit--were visible; parama-mangalam--the highest good fortune; devah--the demigods; brahma-adayah--Brahma and others; sarve--all; upatasthuh--worshiped; abhistavaih--with respectful prayers.

> > TRANSLATION

> > In the heavenly planets, hands began to play, and they showered flowers from the sky. The pacified sages chanted Vedic prayers, the denizens of heaven known as the Gandharvas and Kinnaras sang, the beautiful damsels of the heavenly planets danced, and in this way, at the time of the appearance of Nara-Narayana, all signs of good fortune were visible. Just at that time, great demigods like Brahma also offered their respectful prayers.

> > *******

> > TEXT 56

> > deva ucuh

> > yo mayaya viracitam nijayatmanidam

> > khe rupa-bhedam iva tat-praticaksanaya

> > etena dharma-sadane rsi-murtinadya

> > praduscakara purusaya namah parasmai

> > devah--the demigods; ucuh--said; yah--who; mayaya--by the external energy; viracitam--was created; nijaya--by His own; atmani--being situated in Him; idam--this; khe--in the sky; rupa-bhedam--bunches of clouds; iva--as if; tat--of Himself; praticaksanaya--for manifesting; etena--with this; dharma-sadane--in the house of Dharma; rsi-murtina--with the form of a sage; adya--today; praduscakara--appeared; purusaya--unto the Personality of Godhead; namah--respectful obeisances; parasmai--the Supreme.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The demigods said: Let us offer our respectful obeisances unto the transcendental Personality of Godhead, who created as His external energy this cosmic manifestation, which is situated in Him as the air and clouds are situated in space, and who has now appeared in the form of Nara-Narayana Rsi in the house of Dharma.

> > *******

> > TEXT 57

> > so 'yam sthiti-vyatikaropasamaya srstan

> > sattvena nah sura-ganan anumeya-tattvah

> > drsyad adabhra-karunena vilokanena

> > yac chri-niketam amalam ksipataravindam

> > sah--that; ayam--He; sthiti--of the created world; vyatikara--calamities; upasamaya--for destroying; srstan--created; sattvena--by the mode of goodness; nah--us; sura-ganan--the demigods; anumeya-tattvah--understood by the Vedas; drsyat--glance over; adabhra-karunena--merciful; vilokanena--glance; yat--which; sri-niketam--the home of the goddess of fortune; amalam--spotless; ksipata--supersedes; aravindam--lotus.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Let that Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is understood by truly authorized Vedic literature and who has created peace and prosperity to destroy all calamities of the created world, be kind enough to bestow His glance upon the demigods. His merciful glance can supersede the beauty of the spotless lotus flower which is the home of the goddess of fortune.

> > *******

> > TEXT 58

> > evam sura-ganais tata

> > bhagavantav abhis tutau

> > labdhavalokair yayatur

> > arcitau gandhamadanam

> > evam--thus; sura-ganaih--by the demigods; tata--O Vidura; bhagavantau--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; abhis tutau--having been praised; labdha--having obtained; avalokaih--the glance (of mercy); yayatuh--departed; arcitau--having been worshiped; gandhamadanam--to the Gandhamadana Hill.

> > TRANSLATION

> > [Maitreya said:] O Vidura, thus the demigods worshiped with prayers the Supreme Personality of Godhead appearing as the sage Nara-Narayana. The Lord glanced upon them with mercy and then departed for Gandhamadana Hill.

> > *******

> > TEXT 59

> > tav imau vai bhagavato

> > harer amsav ihagatau

> > bhara-vyayaya ca bhuvah

> > krsnau yddu-kurudvahau

> > tau--both; imau--these; vai--certainly; bhagavatah--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; hareh--of Hari; amsau--part and parcel expansion; iha--here (in this universe); agatau--has appeared; bhara-vyayaya--for mitigation of the burden; ca--and; bhuvah--of the world; krsnau--the two Krsnas (Krsna and Arjuna); yadu-kuru-udvahau--who are the best of the Yadu and Kuru dynasties respectively.

> > TRANSLATION

> > That Nara-Narayana Rsi, who is a partial expansion of Krsna, has now appeared in the dynasties of Yadu and Kuru, in the forms of Krsna and Arjuna respectively, to mitigate the burden of the world.

> > *******

> > TEXT 60

> > svahabhimaninas cagner

> > atmajams trin ajijanat

> > pavakam pavamanam ca

> > sucim ca huta-bhojanam

> > svaha--Svaha, the wife of Agni; abhimaninah--the presiding deity of fire; ca--and; agneh--from Agni; atmajan--sons; trin--three; ajijanat--produced; pavakam--Pavaka; pavamanam ca--and Pavamana; sucim ca--and Suci; huta-bhojanam--eating the oblations of sacrifice.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The predominating deity of fire begot in his wife, Svaha, three children, named Pavaka, Pavamana and Suci, who exist by eating the oblations offered to the fire of sacrifice.

> > *******

> > TEXT 61

> > tebhyo 'gnayah samabhavan

> > catvarimsac ca panca ca

> > ta evaikonapancasat

> > sakam pitr-pitamahaih

> > tebhyah--from them; agnayah--fire-gods; samabhavan--were produced; catvarimsat--forty; ca--and; panca--five; ca--and; te--they; eva--certainly; ekona-pancasat--forty-nine; sakam--along with; pitr-pitamahaih--with the fathers and grandfather.

> > TRANSLATION

> > From those three sons another forty-five descendants were generated, who are also fire-gods. The total number of fire-gods is therefore forty-nine, including the fathers and the grandfather.

> > *******

> > TEXT 62

> > vaitanike karmani yan-

> > namabhir brahma-vadibhih

> > agneyya istayo yajne

> > nirupyante 'gnayas tu te

> > vaitanike--offering of oblations; karmani--the activity; yat--of the fire-gods; namabhih--by the names; brahma-vddibhih--by impersonalist brahmanas; agneyyah--for Agni; istayah--sacrifices; yajne--in the sacrifice; nirupyante--are the objective; agnayah--the fortynine fire-gods; tu--but; te--those.

> > TRANSLATION

> > These forty-nine fire-gods are the beneficiaries of the oblations offered in the Vedic sacrificial fire by impersonalist brahmanas.

> > *******

> > TEXT 63

> > agnisvatta barhisadah

> > saumyah pitara ajyapah

> > sagnayo 'nagnayas tesam

> > patni daksayani svadha

> > agnisvattah--the Agnisvattas; barhisadah--the Barhisadas; saumyah--the Saumyas; pitarah--the forefathers; ajyapah--the Ajyapas; sa-agnayah--those whose means is by fire; anagnayah--those whose means is without fire; tesam--of them; patai--the wife; daksayani--the daughter of Daksa; svadha--Svadha.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The Agnisvattas, the Barhisadas, the Saumyas and the Ajyapas are the Pitas. They are either sagnika or niragnika. The wife of all these Pitas is Svadha, who is the daughter of King Daksa.

> > *******

> > TEXT 64

> > tebhyo dadhara kanye dve

> > vayunam dharinim svddha

> > ubhe te brahma-vadinyau

> > jnana-vijnana-parage

> > tebhyah--from them; dadhara--produced; kanye--daughters; dve--two; vayunam--Vayuna; dharinim--Dharini; svadha--Svadha; ubhe--both of them; te--they; brahma-vadinyau--impersonalists; jnana-vijnana-para-ge--expert in both transcendental and Vedic knowledge.

> > TRANSLATION

> > Svadha, who was offered to the Pitas, begot two daughters named Vayuna and Dharini, both of whom were impersonalists and were expert in transcendental and Vedic knowledge.

> > *******

> > TEXT 65

> > bhavasya patni tu sati

> > bhavam devam anuvrata

> > atmanah sadrsam putram

> > na lebhe guna-silatah

> > bhavasya--of Bhava (Lord Siva); patni--the wife; tu--but; sati--named Sati; bhavam--to Bhava; devam--a demigod; anuvrata--faithfully engaged in service; atmanah--of herself; sadrsam--similar; putram--a son; na lebhe--did not obtain; gana-silatah--by good qualities and by character.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The sixteenth daughter, whose name was Sati, was the wife of Lord Siva. She could not produce a child, although she always faithfully engaged in the service of her husband.

> > *******

> > TEXT 66

> > pitary apratirupe sve

> > bhavayanagase rusa

> > apraudhaivatmanatmanam

> > ajahdd yoga-samyuta

> > pitari--as a father; apratirupe--unfavorable; sve--her own; bhavaya--unto Lord Siva; anagase--faultless; rusa--with anger; apraudha--before attaining maturity; eva--even; atmana--by herself; atmanam--the body; ajahat--gave up; yoga-samyuta--by mystic yoga.

> > TRANSLATION

> > The reason is that Sati's father, Daksa, used to rebuke Lord Siva in spite of Siva's faultlessness. Consequently, before attaining a mature age, Sati gave up her body by dint of yogic mystic power.

> > Back to the running text